Reward-driven decision-making impairments in schizophrenia
| Autor: | George Foussias, Konstantine K. Zakzanis, Susana Da Silva, Arun Ravindran, Ishraq Siddiqui, Z. Jeff Daskalakis, Sarah Saperia, Gary Remington, Aristotle N. Voineskos, Ofer Agid |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Multivariate analysis Decision Making Context (language use) Executive Function 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Reward medicine Humans Cognitive Dysfunction Reward learning Biological Psychiatry Depression (differential diagnoses) Depressive Disorder Major Motivation Cognition medicine.disease Iowa gambling task 030227 psychiatry Psychiatry and Mental health Psychotic Disorders Schizophrenia Major depressive disorder Female Psychology 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Clinical psychology |
| Zdroj: | Schizophrenia Research. 206:277-283 |
| ISSN: | 0920-9964 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.schres.2018.11.004 |
| Popis: | The ability to use feedback to guide optimal decision-making is essential for goal-directed behaviour. While impairments in feedback-driven decision-making have been associated with schizophrenia and depression, this has been examined primarily in the context of binary probabilistic choice paradigms. In real-world decision-making, however, individuals must make choices when there are more than two competing options that vary in the frequency and magnitude of potential rewards and losses. Thus, the current study examined win-stay/lose-shift (WSLS) behaviour on the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) in order to evaluate the influence of immediate rewards and losses in guiding real-world decision-making in patients with schizophrenia and major depressive disorder. Fifty-one patients with schizophrenia, 43 patients with major depressive disorder, and 51 healthy controls completed the IGT, as well as a series of clinical and cognitive measures. WSLS was assessed by quantifying trial-by-trial behaviour following rewards and losses on the IGT. Multivariate analyses of variance revealed that patients with schizophrenia demonstrated intact lose-shift behaviour, but significantly reduced win-stay rates compared to healthy controls. In contrast, no WSLS impairments emerged in the depressed group. Win-stay impairments in the schizophrenia group were significantly related to deficits in motivation and cognition. Patients with schizophrenia exhibit impaired reward-driven decision-making in the context of multiple choices with concurrent rewards and losses, and this appears to be driven by a reduced propensity for advantageous win-stay behaviour. With the importance of reward learning and decision-making in generating goal-directed behaviour, these findings suggest a potential mechanism contributing to the motivation deficits seen in schizophrenia. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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