Cell biological analysis of mosquito midgut invasion: the defensive role of the actin-based ookinete hood
| Autor: | Dina Vlachou, Timm Schlegelmilch |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2013 |
| Předmět: |
Plasmodium
ookinete hood Anopheles gambiae Biology Microbiology 03 medical and health sciences RNA interference parasitic diseases medicine Animals Parasite hosting Actin 030304 developmental biology 0303 health sciences 030306 microbiology fungi Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome protein Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Special Issue Article Epithelial Cells Midgut mosquito midgut invasion General Medicine biology.organism_classification Virology Actins Epithelium Malaria 3. Good health Cell biology Gastrointestinal Tract host-parasite interactions Culicidae Infectious Diseases medicine.anatomical_structure Host-Pathogen Interactions biology.protein Parasitology Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Protein |
| Zdroj: | Pathogens and Global Health |
| ISSN: | 2047-7732 2047-7724 |
| DOI: | 10.1179/2047772413z.000000000180 |
| Popis: | Successful completion of the Plasmodium lifecycle in the mosquito vector is critical for malaria transmission. It has been documented that the fate of Plasmodium in the mosquito ultimately depends on a fine interplay of molecular mosquito factors that act as parasite agonists and antagonists. Here we investigate whether the cellular responses of the invaded midgut epithelium can also determine the parasite fate and development. We show that the parasite hood, an actin-rich structure formed around the ookinete as it exits the epithelium, is a local epithelial defence reaction observed around 60% of invading parasites. The hood co-localizes with WASP, a promoter of actin filament nucleation, suggesting that it is an active reaction of the invaded cell against invading parasites. Importantly, depletion of WASP by RNAi leads to a significant reduction in hood formation, which is consistent with the previously documented role of this gene as a potent parasite antagonist. Indeed, in mosquitoes that are either genetically selected or manipulated by RNAi to be refractory to Plasmodium, most dead parasites exhibit an actin hood. In these mosquitoes, invading ookinetes are killed by lysis or melanization while exiting the midgut epithelium. Silencing WASP in these mosquitoes inhibits the formation of the hood and allows many parasites to develop to oocysts. These data in conjunction with fine microscopic observations suggest that the presence of the hood is linked to ookinete killing through lysis. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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