The Circadian System: A Regulatory Feedback Network of Periphery and Brain
| Autor: | Francisco Romo-Nava, Mara A. Guzmán-Ruiz, Natalí N. Guerrero-Vargas, Frederik N Buijs, Ruud M. Buijs, Luis León-Mercado |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NIN) |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Physiology Circadian clock Hypothalamus Biology Shift work 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Circadian Clocks medicine Animals Humans Nervous System Physiological Phenomena Circadian rhythm Behavior Suprachiasmatic nucleus Bacterial circadian rhythms Circadian Rhythm CLOCK Sleep deprivation 030104 developmental biology Light effects on circadian rhythm Suprachiasmatic Nucleus medicine.symptom Neuroscience 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
| Zdroj: | Physiology (Bethesda, Md.), 31(3), 170-81. American Physiological Society |
| ISSN: | 1548-9221 |
| Popis: | Circadian rhythms are generated by the autonomous circadian clock, the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), and clock genes that are present in all tissues. The SCN times these peripheral clocks, as well as behavioral and physiological processes. Recent studies show that frequent violations of conditions set by our biological clock, such as shift work, jet lag, sleep deprivation, or simply eating at the wrong time of the day, may have deleterious effects on health. This infringement, also known as circadian desynchronization, is associated with chronic diseases like diabetes, hypertension, cancer, and psychiatric disorders. In this review, we will evaluate evidence that these diseases stem from the need of the SCN for peripheral feedback to fine-tune its output and adjust physiological processes to the requirements of the moment. This feedback can vary from neuronal or hormonal signals from the liver to changes in blood pressure. Desynchronization renders the circadian network dysfunctional, resulting in a breakdown of many functions driven by the SCN, disrupting core clock rhythms in the periphery and disorganizing cellular processes that are normally driven by the synchrony between behavior and peripheral signals with neuronal and humoral output of the hypothalamus. Consequently, we propose that the loss of synchrony between the different elements of this circadian network as may occur during shiftwork and jet lag is the reason for the occurrence of health problems. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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