Sox2/Oct4: A delicately balanced partnership in pluripotent stem cells and embryogenesis
Autor: | Angie Rizzino, Erin L. Wuebben |
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Rok vydání: | 2016 |
Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Pluripotent Stem Cells Octamer Transcription Factor-3 Cellular differentiation Biophysics Embryonic Development Biology Biochemistry 03 medical and health sciences SOX2 Structural Biology Genetics Animals Humans Cell Lineage Induced pluripotent stem cell Molecular Biology Transcription factor reproductive and urinary physiology Feedback Physiological Homeodomain Proteins SOXB1 Transcription Factors fungi Nanog Homeobox Protein Gene Expression Regulation Developmental Cell Differentiation Embryo Mammalian Embryonic stem cell Crosstalk (biology) 030104 developmental biology embryonic structures sense organs biological phenomena cell phenomena and immunity Neuroscience Protein Binding Signal Transduction |
Zdroj: | Biochimica et biophysica acta. 1859(6) |
ISSN: | 0006-3002 |
Popis: | Considerable progress has been made in understanding the roles of Sox2 and Oct4 in embryonic stem cells and mammalian embryogenesis. Specifically, significant progress has been made in answering three questions about the functions of Sox2 and Oct4, which are the focus of this review. 1) Are the first or second cell lineage decisions during embryogenesis controlled by Oct4 and/or Sox2? 2) Do the levels of Oct4 and Sox2 need to be maintained within narrow limits to promote normal development and to sustain the self-renewal of pluripotent stem cells? 3) Do Oct4 and Sox2 work closely together or is the primary role of Sox2 in pluripotent cells to ensure the expression of Oct4? Although significant progress has been made in answering these questions, additional studies are needed to resolve several important remaining issues. Nonetheless, the preponderance of the evidence suggests there is considerable crosstalk between Sox2 and Oct4, and further suggests Sox2 and Oct4 function as molecular rheostats and utilize negative feedback loops to carefully balance their expression and other critical genes during embryogenesis. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: The Oct transcription factor family, edited by Dr. Dean Tantin. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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