Spinal Inhibitory Interneurons: Gatekeepers of Sensorimotor Pathways
| Autor: | Kimberly J. Dougherty, Nicholas J Stachowski |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Movement disorders Review lcsh:Chemistry Nerve Fibers 0302 clinical medicine Anterior Horn Cells Inhibitory control sensorimotor integration inhibitory lcsh:QH301-705.5 Spectroscopy Motor Neurons Movement Disorders General Medicine Sensory Gating Computer Science Applications Posterior Horn Cells locomotion medicine.anatomical_structure 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis Sensation Disorders medicine.symptom Sensory Receptor Cells Interneuron Movement Models Neurological Sensation Nerve Tissue Proteins Sensory system interneuron Biology Inhibitory postsynaptic potential Catalysis Inorganic Chemistry 03 medical and health sciences Stimulus modality Neurochemical Interneurons medicine Animals Humans Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Molecular Biology Afferent Pathways Neuropeptides Organic Chemistry spinal cord Neural Inhibition Spinal cord 030104 developmental biology lcsh:Biology (General) lcsh:QD1-999 Synapses Neuroscience |
| Zdroj: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 2667, p 2667 (2021) International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| ISSN: | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| Popis: | The ability to sense and move within an environment are complex functions necessary for the survival of nearly all species. The spinal cord is both the initial entry site for peripheral information and the final output site for motor response, placing spinal circuits as paramount in mediating sensory responses and coordinating movement. This is partly accomplished through the activation of complex spinal microcircuits that gate afferent signals to filter extraneous stimuli from various sensory modalities and determine which signals are transmitted to higher order structures in the CNS and to spinal motor pathways. A mechanistic understanding of how inhibitory interneurons are organized and employed within the spinal cord will provide potential access points for therapeutics targeting inhibitory deficits underlying various pathologies including sensory and movement disorders. Recent studies using transgenic manipulations, neurochemical profiling, and single-cell transcriptomics have identified distinct populations of inhibitory interneurons which express an array of genetic and/or neurochemical markers that constitute functional microcircuits. In this review, we provide an overview of identified neural components that make up inhibitory microcircuits within the dorsal and ventral spinal cord and highlight the importance of inhibitory control of sensorimotor pathways at the spinal level. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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