Modelled Quantification of Different Sources of Nitrogen Inefficiency in Semi-Arid Cropping Systems
| Autor: | Caixian Tang, James R. Hunt, Niloufar Nasrollahi, David J. Cann |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
Crop residue Denitrification mineral N cropping models 01 natural sciences Agricultural Production Systems sIMulator (APSIM) chemistry.chemical_compound Nitrate mineralization nitrogen-use efficiency Leaching (agriculture) Uncategorized Agriculture 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences Mineralization (soil science) Arid chemistry Agronomy immobilization 040103 agronomy & agriculture Erosion 0401 agriculture forestry and fisheries Environmental science Inefficiency Agronomy and Crop Science 010606 plant biology & botany |
| Zdroj: | Agronomy Volume 11 Issue 6 Agronomy, Vol 11, Iss 1222, p 1222 (2021) |
| ISSN: | 2073-4395 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/agronomy11061222 |
| Popis: | Most dryland grain growers in Australia retain all or most of their crop residues to protect the soil from erosion and to improve water conservation but retaining stubbles with a high carbon-to-nitrogen (C:N) ratio can affect N availability to crops. A simulation experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of N fertilizer application rate and residue retention on soil N dynamics. The simulation used seven N fertilizer application rates (0, 25, 50, 75, 100, 150 and 200 kg N ha−1) to wheat (Triticum aestivum) over 27 years (1990–2016) at four locations across a gradient in annual rainfall in Victoria, Australia. Nitrogen immobilization, denitrification and N leaching loss were predicted and collectively defined as sources of N inefficiency. When residues were retained, immobilization was predicted to be the biggest source of inefficiency at all simulated sites at N application rates currently used by growers. Leaching became a bigger source of inefficiency at one site with low soil water-holding capacity, but only at N rates much higher than would currently be commercially applied, resulting in high levels of nitrate (NO3−) accumulating in the soil. Denitrification was an appreciable source of inefficiency at higher rainfall sites. Further research is necessary to evaluate strategies to minimize immobilization of N in semi-arid cropping systems. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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