Humoral immune responses against the malaria vaccine candidate antigen Plasmodium vivax AMA-1 and IL-4 gene polymorphisms in individuals living in an endemic area of the Brazilian Amazon
Autor: | Gustavo Capatti Cassiano, Pamella Cristina Alves Trindade, Valéria Daltibari Fraga, Carlos Eugênio Cavasini, Sidney Santos, Ricardo Luiz Dantas Machado, Franciele Maira Moreira Batista Tomaz, Marcela Petrolini Capobianco, Marinete Marins Póvoa, Luciana Moran Conceição, Adriana Antônia da Cruz Furini, Lucas Ribeiro de Azevedo, Sonia Maria Oliani |
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Rok vydání: | 2014 |
Předmět: |
Adult
Male Adolescent Endemic Diseases Immunology Plasmodium vivax Protozoan Proteins Antibodies Protozoan Antigens Protozoan Ancestry-informative marker Parasitemia Biochemistry Th2 Cells Antigen parasitic diseases Malaria Vaccines medicine Malaria Vivax Immunology and Allergy Humans Molecular Biology Aged Polymorphism Genetic biology Malaria vaccine Haplotype Membrane Proteins Hematology Middle Aged medicine.disease biology.organism_classification Virology Immunoglobulin G biology.protein Female Interleukin-4 Antibody Malaria Brazil |
Zdroj: | Cytokine. 74(2) |
ISSN: | 1096-0023 |
Popis: | Background Several studies have recently demonstrated that the immune responses against malaria is governed by different factors, including the genetic components of the host. The IL-4 gene appears to be a strong candidate factor because of its role in the regulation of the Th2 response. The present study investigated the role of IL-4 polymorphisms in the development of IgG antibodies against PvAMA-1 and the IL-4 levels in individuals infected with Plasmodium vivax in a malaria endemic area in the Brazilian Amazon. Methods The study sample included 83 patients who were diagnosed with P. vivax infection using thick smear and confirmed by nested-PCR. The IL-4 −590 C>T and IL-4 −33 C>T polymorphisms were genotyped by PCR–RFLP, and the intron 3 VNTR was genotyped by PCR. A standardised ELISA protocol was used to measure the total IgG against PvAMA-1. The cytokine/chemokine levels were measured using a Milliplex multiplex assay (Millipore). All of the subjects were genotyped with 48 ancestry informative markers to determine the proportions of African, European and Amerindian ancestry using STRUCTURE software. Results Of the 83 patients, 60 (73%) produced IgG antibodies against PvAMA-1. A significant decrease in the percentage of respondents was observed among the primo-infected individuals. No significant differences were observed in the frequencies of genotypes and haplotypes among individuals who were positive or negative for IgG antibodies against PvAMA-1. Furthermore, no significant correlation was observed between the IL-4 polymorphisms, antibody levels, IL-4 levels, and parasitemia. Conclusions This study indicated that the polymorphisms identified in the IL-4 gene are not likely to play a role in the regulation of the antibody response against PvAMA-1 and IL-4 production in vivax malaria. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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