Efficacy of the Aqueous Extract of Azadirachta indica Against the Marine Parasitic Leech and Its Phytochemical Profiling
| Autor: | Jen Kit Tan, Balu Alagar Venmathi Maran, Muhammad Dawood Shah, Yoong Soon Yong, Dawglas Josmeh |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Zeylanicobdella arugamensis
Antiparasitic medicine.drug_class anti-parasitic Phytochemicals Pharmaceutical Science grouper Article Analytical Chemistry Ferulic acid lcsh:QD241-441 Fish Diseases 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound Phenols lcsh:Organic chemistry Leeches Scopoletin Drug Discovery medicine Animals Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Isorhamnetin metabolites 030304 developmental biology Flavonoids 0303 health sciences Trifolin Azadirachta Traditional medicine biology Plant Extracts Organic Chemistry 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences biology.organism_classification Plant Leaves chemistry Phytochemical aquaculture Chemistry (miscellaneous) 040102 fisheries LC-Q Exactive HF Orbitrap MS 0401 agriculture forestry and fisheries Molecular Medicine Kaempferol control |
| Zdroj: | Molecules Volume 26 Issue 7 Molecules, Vol 26, Iss 1908, p 1908 (2021) |
| ISSN: | 1420-3049 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/molecules26071908 |
| Popis: | Zeylanicobdella arugamensis (Hirudinea), a marine parasitic leech, not only resulted in the mortality of the host fish (Groupers) but also caused economic losses. The current study aimed to elucidate the antiparasitic efficacy of the aqueous extract of the Azadirachta indica leaves against Z. arugamensis and to profile the composition via LC-Q Exactive HF Orbitrap mass spectrometry. Different concentrations (25, 50 and 100 mg/mL) of A. indica extract were prepared and tested on the parasitic leeches. The total mortality of leeches was noticed with an exposure to the A. indica aqueous extract. The average times required for the aqueous extract at concentrations of 25, 50 and 100 mg/mL to kill the leeches were 42.65 ± 9.20, 11.69 ± 1.11 and 6.45 ± 0.45 min, respectively, in a dose-dependent manner. The Orbitrap mass spectrometry analysis indicated the presence of five flavonoids (myricetin 3-O-galactoside, trifolin, isorhamnetin, quercetin and kaempferol), four aromatics (4-methoxy benzaldehyde, scopoletin, indole-3-acrylic acid and 2,4-quinolinediol), three phenolics (p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid and phloretin) and two terpenoids (pulegone and caryophyllene oxide). Thus, our study indicates that A. indica aqueous extract is a good source of metabolites with the potential to act as a biocontrol agent against the marine parasitic leech in aquaculture. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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