Biomechanical analysis of canine medial patellar luxation with femoral varus deformity using a computer model
| Autor: | Sun-Young Kim, Seok-Jo Yang, Jaemin Jeong, Haebeom Lee, Jiyun Lee, Hee-Dong Sim, Seong Mok Jeong |
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| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
musculoskeletal diseases
Finite element method 040301 veterinary sciences Patellar Dislocation Positive reaction Rectus femoris muscle Computed tomographic 0403 veterinary science 03 medical and health sciences Dogs 0302 clinical medicine Genu Varum Dog Animals Medicine Computer Simulation Femur Patellar luxation Varus deformity Orthodontics 030222 orthopedics lcsh:Veterinary medicine General Veterinary Medial patellar luxation business.industry 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences General Medicine medicine.disease musculoskeletal system Stifle Biomechanical Phenomena Reaction Femoral Varus deformity lcsh:SF600-1100 Patella business Research Article |
| Zdroj: | BMC Veterinary Research, Vol 16, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2020) BMC Veterinary Research |
| DOI: | 10.21203/rs.3.rs-25431/v2 |
| Popis: | Background Femoral varus deformities complicating the realignment of the quadriceps muscles are frequently associated with medial patellar luxation (MPL) in dogs. Therefore, distal femoral osteotomy (DFO) is recommended in dogs affected with severe MPL and a distal femoral varus deformity. The presence of an anatomic lateral distal femoral angle (aLDFA) of ≥ 102° has been anecdotally recommended as an indication for performing corrective DFO in large-breed dogs. However, the effect of a femoral varus deformity on MPL has not been scientifically evaluated. We aimed to evaluate the influence of a femoral varus deformity on MPL using a finite element method based computer model. Three-dimensionally reconstructed computed tomographic images of a normal femur from a Beagle dog were deformed using meshing software to create distal varus deformities. A total of thirteen aLDFAs, including 95°, 98° and 100°–110°, were simulated. The patellar positions and reaction force between the patella and trochlear grooves were calculated for all finite element models under constant rectus femoris muscle activation. Results The patella was displaced medially from the trochlear groove at an aLDFA of ≥103°. With an aLDFA of 103° to 110°, the reaction force was equal to zero and then decreased to negative values during the simulation, while other models with aLDFAs of 95°, 98°, and 100°-102° had positive reaction force values. The patella began to luxate at 24.90 seconds (sec) with an aLDFA of 103°, 19.80 sec with an aLDFA of 104°, 21.40 sec with an aLDFA of 105°, 20.10 sec with an aLDFA of 106°, 18.60 sec with an aLDFA of 107°, 15.30 sec with an aLDFA of 108°, 16.60 sec with an aLDFA of 109°, and 11.90 sec with an aLDFA of 110°. Conclusion Severe distal femoral varus with an aLDFA of ≥103° caused MPL when other anatomical factors were controlled. Thissimplified computer model provides complementary information to anecdotal cutoffs for DFO, hence it should be applied to clinical patients with caution. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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