Effect of seasonal malaria chemoprevention plus azithromycin on Plasmodium falciparum transmission: gametocyte infectivity and mosquito fitness

Autor: Daniel Chandramohan, Seydou Bienvenu Ouattara, Franck Adama Yao, Brian Greenwood, Issaka Zongo, Frederic Nikiema, Halidou Tinto, Adrien Marie Gaston Belem, Koudraogo B. Yameogo, Rakiswendé S. Yerbanga, Anna Cohuet, Yves Daniel Compaoré, Jean-Bosco Ouédraogo, Thierry Lefèvre
Přispěvatelé: Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé (IRSS), CNRST, Transmission-Interactions-Adaptations hôtes/vecteurs/pathogènes (MIVEGEC-TRIAD), Evolution des Systèmes Vectoriels (ESV), Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), Université Polytechnique Nazi Boni Bobo-Dioulasso (UNB)
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2021
Předmět:
0301 basic medicine
Anopheles gambiae
RC955-962
Physiology
Infectious and parasitic diseases
RC109-216
Azithromycin
Gametocytes
0302 clinical medicine
[SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine
Malaria
Falciparum
Infectivity
biology
3. Good health
Drug Combinations
Pyrimethamine
Infectious Diseases
Child
Preschool
Seasonal malaria chemoprevention
Seasons
medicine.drug
Plasmodium falciparum
030231 tropical medicine
Chemoprevention
Antimalarials
03 medical and health sciences
Sulfadoxine
parasitic diseases
medicine
Gametocyte
Animals
Humans
Transmission
[SDV.MHEP.PED]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pediatrics
business.industry
Research
Amodiaquine
biology.organism_classification
Blood meal
medicine.disease
Culicidae
030104 developmental biology
Parasitology
[SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie
Genetic Fitness
business
Malaria
Zdroj: Malaria Journal
Malaria Journal, 2021, 20 (1), ⟨10.1186/s12936-021-03855-3⟩
Malaria Journal, BioMed Central, 2021, 20 (1), ⟨10.1186/s12936-021-03855-3⟩
Malaria Journal, Vol 20, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2021)
ISSN: 1475-2875
Popis: Background Seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC) consists of administration of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) + amodiaquine (AQ) at monthly intervals to children during the malaria transmission period. Whether the addition of azithromycin (AZ) to SMC could potentiate the benefit of the intervention was tested through a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. The effect of SMC and the addition of AZ, on malaria transmission and on the life history traits of Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes have been investigated. Methods The study included 438 children randomly selected from among participants in the SMC + AZ trial and 198 children from the same area who did not receive chemoprevention. For each participant in the SMC + AZ trial, blood was collected 14 to 21 days post treatment, examined for the presence of malaria sexual and asexual stages and provided as a blood meal to An. gambiae females using a direct membrane-feeding assay. Results The SMC treatment, with or without AZ, significantly reduced the prevalence of asexual Plasmodium falciparum (LRT X22 = 69, P 22 = 54, P 22 = 61, P X22 = 22.8, P 21 = 5.2, P = 0.02), suggesting a significant effect of AZ on gametocyte infectivity. There was a slight negative effect of SPAQ and SPAQ + AZ on mosquito survival compared to mosquitoes fed with blood from control children (LRTX22 = 330, P Conclusion This study demonstrates that SMC may contribute to a reduction in human to mosquito transmission of P. falciparum, and the reduced mosquito longevity observed for females fed on treated blood may increase the benefit of this intervention in control of malaria. The addition of AZ to SPAQ in SMC appeared to enhance the infectivity of gametocytes providing further evidence that this combination is not an appropriate intervention.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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