Mercury and Movement Disorders: The Toxic Legacy Continues
| Autor: | Dinkar Kulshreshtha, Mandar Jog, Jacky Ganguly |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Movement Disorders
Movement disorders Chloralkali process chemistry.chemical_element Mercury General Medicine Methylmercury Compounds Mining Mercury (element) Organic form chemistry.chemical_compound Neurology chemistry Biomass combustion Environmental chemistry medicine Humans Environmental science Neurology (clinical) Neurotoxic effect medicine.symptom Medicine use Methylmercury Ecosystem |
| Zdroj: | Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques. 49:493-501 |
| ISSN: | 2057-0155 0317-1671 |
| Popis: | Mercury (Hg) exists in the environment as inorganic (metallic Hg vapor, mercurous and mercuric salts) or organic (bonded to a structure containing carbon atoms) forms. Neurotoxic effect of Hg is known for years. While the organic form (methylmercury (meHg)) led to the Minamata incidence in Japan and “wonder-wheat” disaster in Iraq, the “mad hatters” and “Danbury shakes” were related to the inorganic elemental form (Hg vapor). Human exposure to toxic Hg continues in the modern world to a large extent by artisanal gold mining, biomass combustion, chloralkali production, and indigenous medicine use to name a few. Heavy industrial use of Hg contaminates air and landfills, affecting the aquatic ecosystem and marine food chain. A detailed social and occupational history with a high index of clinical suspicion is required to not miss this toxic etiology for movement disorders like ataxia, tremor, or myoclonus. In this review, we have discussed the past and present global health impact of Hg from a movement disorder perspective. The connection of Hg with neurodegeneration and autoimmunity has been highlighted. We have also discussed the role of chelating agents and the preventive strategies to combat the neurotoxic effects of Hg in the modern world. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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