Dynamic patterns of mechanical stimulation co-localise with growth and cell proliferation during morphogenesis in the avian embryonic knee joint
| Autor: | Geraldine M. Kelly, Patrick J. Prendergast, Karen A. Roddy, Maarten H. van Es, Paula Murphy |
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| Rok vydání: | 2010 |
| Předmět: |
Cartilage
Articular Models Anatomic Finite Element Analysis Biomedical Engineering Biophysics Morphogenesis Chick Embryo Knee Joint Biology Microscopy Atomic Force Models Biological Chondrocyte Biophysical Phenomena Mechanobiology Chondrocytes Imaging Three-Dimensional Elastic Modulus medicine Muscle attachment Animals Tomography Optical Orthopedics and Sports Medicine Cell Proliferation Cartilage Rehabilitation Anatomy Cell biology Biomechanical Phenomena medicine.anatomical_structure Epiphysis Joints medicine.symptom Muscle contraction |
| Zdroj: | Journal of biomechanics. 44(1) |
| ISSN: | 1873-2380 |
| Popis: | Muscle contractions begin in early embryonic life, generating forces that regulate the correct formation of the skeleton. In this paper we test the hypothesis that the biophysical stimulation generated by muscle forces may be a causative factor for the changes in shape of the knee joint as it grows. We do this by predicting the spatial and temporal patterns of biophysical stimuli, where cell proliferation and rudiment shape changes occur within the emerging tissues of the joint over time. We used optical projection tomography (OPT) to create anatomically accurate finite element models of the embryonic knee at three time points (stages) of development. OPT was also used to locate muscle attachment sites and AFM was used to determine material properties. An association was found between the emergence of joint shape, cell proliferation and the pattern of biophysical stimuli generated by embryonic muscle contractions. Elevated rates of growth and cell proliferation in the medial condyle were found to co-localise with elevated patterns of biophysical stimuli including maximum principal stresses and fluid flow, throughout the time period studied, indicating that cartilage growth and chondrocyte proliferation in the epiphysis is potentially related to local patterns of biophysical stimuli. The development of the patella and articular cartilages, which is known to be affected by in ovo immobilisation, could be contributed to by specific patterns of fluid flow, pore pressure and stress in the joint interzone. This suggests that both cartilage growth and tissue differentiation in the embryonic joint is regulated by specific patterns of biophysical stimuli and that these stimuli are needed for the correct development of the joint. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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