Maternal smoking during pregnancy, environmental tobacco smoke exposure and childhood lung function
| Autor: | Frank D. Gilliland, John M. Peters, Hita Vora, Rob McConnell, Kiros Berhane, Edward B. Rappaport, Edward L. Avol, W. J. Gauderman |
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| Rok vydání: | 2000 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine Pediatrics medicine.medical_specialty Passive smoking Adolescent Respiratory Tract Diseases Peak Expiratory Flow Rate medicine.disease_cause Tobacco smoke Pulmonary function testing Pregnancy Forced Expiratory Volume Surveys and Questionnaires Humans Medicine Child Asthma business.industry Original Articles medicine.disease Respiratory Function Tests Pregnancy Complications El Niño In utero Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects Gestation Female Tobacco Smoke Pollution business Demography |
| Zdroj: | Thorax. 55:271-276 |
| ISSN: | 0040-6376 |
| DOI: | 10.1136/thorax.55.4.271 |
| Popis: | Background—Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) during childhood and in utero exposure to maternal smoking are associated with adverse eVects on lung growth and development. Methods—A study was undertaken of the associations between maternal smoking during pregnancy, exposure to ETS, and pulmonary function in 3357 school children residing in 12 Southern California communities. Current and past exposure to household ETS and exposure to maternal smoking in utero were assessed by a self-administered questionnaire completed by parents of 4th, 7th, and 10th grade students in 1993. Standard linear regression techniques were used to estimate the eVects of in utero and ETS exposure on lung function, adjusting for age, sex, race, Hispanic ethnicity, height, weight, asthma, personal smoking, and selected household characteristics. Results—In utero exposure to maternal smoking was associated with reduced peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) (‐3.0%, 95% CI ‐4.4 to ‐1.4), mean mid expiratory flow (MMEF) (‐4.6%, 95% CI ‐7.0 to ‐2.3), and forced expiratory flow (FEF75) (‐6.2%,95% CI ‐9.1 to ‐3.1), but not forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1). Adjusting for household ETS exposure did not substantially change these estimates. The reductions in flows associated with in utero exposure did not significantly vary with sex, race, grade, income, parental education, or personal smoking. Exposure to two or more current household smokers was associated with reduced MMEF (‐4.1%, 95% CI ‐7.6 to ‐0.4) and FEF75 (‐4.4%, 95% CI ‐9.0 to 0.4). Current or past maternal smoking was associated with reductions in PEFR and MMEF; however, after adjustment for in utero exposure, deficits in MMEF and FEF75 associated with all measurements of ETS were substantially reduced and were not statistically significant. Conclusions—In utero exposure to maternal smoking is independently associated with decreased lung function in children of school age, especially for small airway flows. (Thorax 2000;55:271‐276) |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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