Cage Environment Regulates Gut Microbiota Independent of Toll-Like Receptors
| Autor: | Gary B. Huffnagle, Stephen J. Gurczynski, David N O'Dwyer, Robert P. Dickson, Bethany B. Moore, Jay H Lipinski, John R. Erb-Downward, Xiaofeng Zhou |
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| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Transgene Immunology Inflammation Gut flora Microbiology digestive system 03 medical and health sciences Mice 0302 clinical medicine Immunity medicine Animals Homeostasis Intestinal Mucosa Receptor Immunity Mucosal Innate immune system biology Host Microbial Interactions Toll-Like Receptors biology.organism_classification medicine.disease Host-Associated Microbial Communities Immunity Innate Gastrointestinal Microbiome 030104 developmental biology Infectious Diseases Models Animal Dysbiosis Parasitology Disease Susceptibility medicine.symptom 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Function (biology) |
| Zdroj: | Infect Immun |
| ISSN: | 1098-5522 |
| Popis: | The gut microbiome orchestrates epithelial homeostasis and both local and remote immunological responses. Critical to these regulatory interactions are innate immune receptors termed Toll-like receptors (TLRs). Studies to date have implicated innate immunity and Toll-like receptors in shaping key features of the gut microbiome. However, a variety of biological and environmental variables are also implicated in determining gut microbiota composition. In this report, we hypothesized that cohousing and environment dominated the regulation of the gut microbiota in animal models independent of innate immunity. To determine the importance of these variables, innate immunity, or environment in shaping gut microbiota, we used a randomized cohousing strategy and transgenic TLR-deficient mice. We have found that mice cohoused together by genotype exhibited limited changes over time in the composition of the gut microbiota. However, for mice randomized to cage, we report extensive changes in the gut microbiota, independent of TLR function, whereby the fecal microbiota of TLR-deficient mice converges with that of wild-type mice. TLR5-deficient mice in these experiments exhibit greater susceptibility to comparative changes in the microbiota than other TLR-deficient mice and wild-type mice. Our work has broad implications for the study of innate immunity and host-microbiota interactions. Given the profound impact that gut dysbiosis may have on immunity, this report highlights the potential impact of cohousing on the gut microbiota and indices of inflammation as outcomes in biological models of infectious or inflammatory disease. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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