High Prevalence of Drug Resistance Mutations Among Patients Failing First-Line Antiretroviral Therapy and Predictors of Virological Response 24 Weeks After Switch to Second-Line Therapy in São Paulo State, Brazil
| Autor: | Elaine Monteiro Matsuda, Luana Portes Ozório Coelho, Giselle de Faria Romero, Monica Jacques de Moraes, Giselle Ibete Silva Lopez-Lopes, Karen Morejon, Alexandre Ely Campeas, Gabriela Bastos Cabral, Luís Fernando de Macedo Brígido, null Salvage Therapy Working Group |
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| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Oncology Adult Male medicine.medical_specialty Adolescent Genotype First line 030106 microbiology Immunology HIV Infections Drug resistance Treatment failure 03 medical and health sciences Young Adult 0302 clinical medicine Virology Internal medicine Drug Resistance Viral Medicine Humans 030212 general & internal medicine Treatment Failure Child Retrospective Studies High prevalence business.industry Drug Substitution Lamivudine HIV Middle Aged Viral Load Antiretroviral therapy Reverse transcriptase HIV Reverse Transcriptase CD4 Lymphocyte Count Infectious Diseases Anti-Retroviral Agents pol Gene Products Human Immunodeficiency Virus Child Preschool Mutation Female business Viral load Brazil medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | AIDS research and human retroviruses. 34(2) |
| ISSN: | 1931-8405 |
| Popis: | Universal antiretroviral treatment with sustained viral suppression benefits patients and reduces HIV transmission. Effectiveness of therapy may be limited by antiretroviral drug resistance. Information on the resistance profile at treatment failure and its impact on antiretroviral drugs may subsidize subsequent treatment strategies. Partial pol sequences from 319 patients failing first-line therapy were analyzed for resistance associated mutations (RAMs) and HIV subtype. Demographic data, CD4 T cell count, viral load, and antiretroviral regimens and mutational profile at first-line failure were also investigated for associations to the response to second-line regimens. RAMs at the reverse transcriptase gene were frequent. Most sequences (88%) showed at least one mutation. A higher number of reverse transcriptase RAMs were associated to lower CD4 T cell counts and the use of tenofovir/lamivudine in first line. Among 205 with follow-up data, 76.6% were virally suppressed (below 200 copies/ml) after 24 weeks of second-line therapy. Most cases initiated second line with a regimen genotypic susceptibility score ≥2, but it did not predict viral suppression, that was independently associated with higher CD4 T cell counts and with the presence of nucleos(t)ide analog reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) RAMs. This study documented extensive resistance at first-line failure in this area in Brazil, highlights the risks of low CD4 T cell counts to second-line therapy, and supports the notion that recycled NRTIs may contribute to viral suppression even when genotypic resistance is present. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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