Cyclic morphological changes in the beagle mammary gland
| Autor: | Rick R. Adler, J. Mark Cline, Sundeep A. Chandra |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2010 |
| Předmět: |
endocrine system
medicine.medical_specialty Stromal cell medicine.drug_class Mammary gland Connective tissue Estrogen receptor Estrous Cycle Biology Toxicology Pathology and Forensic Medicine Dogs Mammary Glands Animal Internal medicine Progesterone receptor medicine Animals Molecular Biology reproductive and urinary physiology Retrospective Studies Estrous cycle urogenital system Cell Biology Immunohistochemistry Endocrinology medicine.anatomical_structure Hormone receptor Estrogen Female hormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonists Biomarkers |
| Zdroj: | Toxicologic pathology. 38(6) |
| ISSN: | 1533-1601 |
| Popis: | Interpretation of chemical-induced effects on the female beagle mammary gland can be difficult owing to the wide variation of normal glandular morphology. In this retrospective study, morphological features of the gland in four (proestrus, estrus, diestrus, and anestrus) phases of the cycle are described. The gland was quiescent (inactive) in proestrus and estrus. In diestrus, with the rise of progesterone, four (I–IV) distinct morphological changes were evident. In phase I, there was exuberant stromal and ductal proliferation. In phase II, there was early lobular development with branching ducts and alveolar proliferation. In phase III, there was an abundance of glandular tissue with large lobules containing secretory material, whereas phase IV had features of early regression, increased interlobular connective tissue, and eosinophilic secretions in distended ducts and acini. In early anestrus, ducts were distended, with eosinophilic secretions with alveolar regression, whereas regression was complete in late anestrus. Glandular morphology was slightly variable in the mammary chain within the same dog. Progesterone receptor expression was prominent in estrus and early diestrus, and peak estrogen receptor expression was noted in diestrus II. Expression of proliferation marker ki-67 was highest in diestrus I, followed by diestrus II. There was excellent concordance between the estrous stage and the glandular morphology. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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