Gender differences in HIV risk behaviours among intravenous drug users in Catalonia, Spain
| Autor: | M. T. Brugal, Xavier Majó, Mercè Meroño, Victoria González, Albert Espelt, Jordi Casabona, Cinta Folch |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2013 |
| Předmět: |
Substance abuse
Adult Male Sexual partner medicine.medical_specialty Sexual transmission Sexual Behavior Usuarios de drogas por vía parenteral HIV Infections Hiv risk Drug Users Risk-Taking Sex Factors Prevalence medicine Humans Substance Abuse Intravenous Psychiatry Intravenous injection Harm reduction Intravenous drug business.industry Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health VIH Gender HIV virus diseases Hepatitis C Middle Aged medicine.disease Cross-Sectional Studies Abuso de sustancias Risk behaviours Spain Conductas de riesgo Oral fluid Género Female Health education business Demography |
| Zdroj: | Gaceta Sanitaria r-IIB SANT PAU. Repositorio Institucional de Producción Científica del Instituto de Investigación Biomédica Sant Pau instname Gaceta Sanitaria v.27 n.4 2013 SciELO España. Revistas Científicas Españolas de Ciencias de la Salud |
| ISSN: | 0213-9111 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.gaceta.2013.02.006 |
| Popis: | Objective: To describe gender differences in injection and sexual risks behaviours, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C (HCV) prevalence among injecting drug users (IDU) in Catalonia, Spain. Methods: Cross-sectional studies in 2008-2009 (n = 748) and 2010-2011 (n = 597) in the network of harm reduction centres. Face to face interviews were conducted and oral fluid samples were collected to estimate HIV/HCV prevalence. Results: Female were more likely than male IDU to have had a steady sexual partner (68.2% versus 44.9%), to have had an IDU steady sexual partner (46.6% versus 15.1%) and to have exchanged sex for money or drugs in the last 6 months (25.5% versus 2.3%). There were no gender differences in injecting risk behaviours. HIV prevalence was 38.7% (91/235) in women and 31.5% (347/1103) in men (p = 0.031). HIV prevalence among female IDU who reported having exchange sex for money or drugs was 53.3% (32/60). The prevalence of HCV was 67.4% (159/236) and 73.6% (810/1101) in female and male IDU, respectively (p = 0.053). After adjustment by immigrant status, age and years of injection, differences among HIV/HCV prevalence by gender were not significant. Conclusions: This study demonstrated differences in sexual risk behaviours between male and female IDU, but failed to find gender differences in injecting risk behaviours. Apart from that, the higher prevalence of HIV among women than among men, together with a lower prevalence of HCV, provides evidence that sexual transmission of HIV is important among female IDU. Additional studies are needed to analyze in-depth these specific risk factors for women in order to develop appropriate prevention and health education programs. (C) 2012 SESPAS. Published by Elsevier Espana, S.L. All rights reserved. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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