The social cognitive appraisal of trustworthiness in individuals with dimensional levels of post-traumatic stress symptoms: a translational study

Autor: Robert D. Melara, Denise A. Hien, Dominic S. Fareri, Eric A. Fertuck, Tanya Saraiya, Teresa Lopez-Castro
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2019
Předmět:
050103 clinical psychology
可信度
lcsh:RC435-571
Preconscious
Interpersonal communication
social cognition
• Individuals with higher PTSD symptoms appraise untrustworthy faces as more untrustworthy than participants with lower PTSD symptoms and healthy controls.• Neural data suggests that participants with higher PTSD symptoms encode trustworthy and untrustworthy faces into early preconscious memory less than participants with lower PTSD symptoms.• Overall
those with higher PTSD symptoms appear to exhibit an attentional avoidance of trustworthy and untrustworthy faces
which leads to misappraisals in the assessment of trustworthiness
Electroencephalography
社会认知
confiabilidad
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Social cognition
lcsh:Psychiatry
medicine
0501 psychology and cognitive sciences
Clinical Research Article
cognición social
Neural correlates of consciousness
n170
medicine.diagnostic_test
05 social sciences
Traumatic stress
vpp
trustworthiness
030227 psychiatry
Trustworthiness
trauma
eeg
Psychology
创伤
Social cognitive theory
Clinical psychology
Zdroj: European Journal of Psychotraumatology, Vol 10, Iss 1 (2019)
European Journal of Psychotraumatology
ISSN: 2000-8066
Popis: Background: Misappraisals in evaluating the trustworthiness of others may be one mechanism contributing to the interpersonal difficulties individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) face. Objective: This study used a translational experimental design to examine the behavioural and neural correlates underlying the appraisal of facial stimuli morphed on dimensions of trustworthiness across three groups: individuals with high posttraumatic stress symptoms (HPTS), low posttraumatic stress symptoms (LPTS), and healthy controls (HC). Methods: Participants (N = 70) rated how trustworthy to untrustworthy they perceived three facial morphs (trustworthy, neutral, and untrustworthy) while undergoing electroencephalography (EEG). Results: Behavioural results showed that the HPTS group rated the untrustworthy morph as more untrustworthy than the HC group (β = 0.20, SE = .07, 95% CI [0.06, 0.33], z = 2.88, p = .004). The HPTS group also showed no variation in response time across morphs ( X 2 (2) = 0.92, p = 0.63), while the LPTS and HC groups did ( X 2 (2) = 9.60, p = .008; X 2 (2) = 23.62, p < .001). EEG data revealed significant group by morph interactions at the N170 latency and the Vertex Positive Potential (VPP): the HPTS and LPTS identified the untrustworthy morph faster than the HCs, but diverged to the degree to which they encoded each facial morph. Conclusions: Taken together our results suggest that HPTS individuals demonstrate an early attentional avoidance of faces morphed on dimensions of trustworthiness. This early, preconscious, avoidance may be one mechanism contributing to the miscalculations individuals with PTSD make in interpersonal situations.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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