Neobiota
| Autor: | John R. Seiler, Jacob N. Barney, Vasiliy T. Lakoba, Gregory E. Welbaum |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
land use change
Ecology Perennial plant Cold tolerance QH301-705.5 range boundaries Ecological Modeling food and beverages Plant Science Aquatic Science Biology Rhizome Agronomy Insect Science Animal Science and Zoology invasive plants Biology (General) Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics local adaptation Local adaptation |
| Zdroj: | NeoBiota, Vol 70, Iss, Pp 1-21 (2021) NeoBiota 70: 1-21 |
| Popis: | Extreme cold plays a key role in the range boundaries of plants. Winter survival is central to their persistence, but not all structures are equally susceptible to frost kill and, therefore, limiting to distributions. Furthermore, we expect intraspecific variation in cold tolerance both within and among tissue types. In a laboratory setting, we determined freezing tolerances of two overwintering propagule types - seeds and rhizomes - of the globally invasive Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense), testing apparent emergence and electrolyte leakage as a proxy for cell death. We used 18 genotypes from agricultural and non-agricultural habitats spanning the climatic extremes occupied by Johnsongrass in the US. Single node rhizome fragments had an average LT90 of-5.1 degrees C with no significant variation based on home climate or ecotype. Seeds frozen at-85 degrees C suffered a decline in germinability to 10% from 25% at 22 degrees C. Population origin did not affect seed response to any temperature. However, non-agricultural seeds germinated more and faster than agricultural seeds from the coldest climates, with a reversed relationship among warmest origin seeds. Regardless of ecotype, seeds from the cold/dry and wet/warm sectors of Johnsongrass's range germinated more and faster. Drastic differences in cold tolerance between seeds and rhizome and evidence for seeds' local adaptation to land use and climate suggest that its spread is likely limited by winter rhizome survival, as well as adaptability of germination behavior to longer winters. These findings shed light on Johnsongrass' dispersal dynamics and help identify future avenues for mechanistically understanding its range limitation. Virginia Tech College of Agriculture and Life Sciences; National Institute of Food and Agriculture Global Food Security CAP [2015-68004-23492]; Vir-ginia Tech's Open Access Subvention Fund Published version This work was partially supported by the Virginia Tech College of Agriculture and Life Sciences and the National Institute of Food and Agriculture Global Food Security CAP [2015-68004-23492 to JNB] . We would like to acknowledge support in the publication of this article from Vir-ginia Tech's Open Access Subvention Fund. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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