Immunologic aspects of contact dermatitis
| Autor: | Stephen M. Breathnach |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 1986 |
| Předmět: |
medicine.medical_specialty
T-Lymphocytes Population Dermatology Dermatitis Contact T-Lymphocytes Regulatory Atopy Adrenal Cortex Hormones Ultraviolet light Animals Humans Medicine Risk factor education Allergic contact dermatitis Skin Biological Products education.field_of_study business.industry Incidence (epidemiology) medicine.disease Immunoglobulin A Epidermal Cells Hand eczema Langerhans Cells Cytokines Keratins Ultraviolet Therapy Disease Susceptibility Epidermis business Contact dermatitis |
| Zdroj: | Clinics in Dermatology. 4:5-17 |
| ISSN: | 0738-081X |
| DOI: | 10.1016/0738-081x(86)90058-1 |
| Popis: | Contact dermatitis accounts for up to 40% of all occupationally acquired illnesses, with an incidence conservatively estimated at 70,000 new cases per year in the United States, resulting in a cost, in terms of health care and lost productivity, of $22 million annually. If, as suspected, there is gross underrecording of cases, the true cost may lie in the range of $222 million to $1 billion. 1 Atopy is the single greatest risk factor for the development of contact dermatitis; the relative odds of developing occupational skin disease are 13.5 times greater in atopic subjects, 2 who account for 93% of lost jobs, 79% of lost workdays, and 88% of compensation payments. 3 These figures do not, of course, take into account contact dermatitis occurring outside the workplace; up to 3% of the population may be affected by hand eczema alone. 4 The figures also exclude reference to many of the types of plant dermatitis discussed in this issue. Although the majority of contact dermatitis is the result of exposure to irritants, allergic contact dermatitis accounts for a substantial proportion of cases. Despite the clinical importance of allergic contact dermatitis, our knowledge of its pathogenesis—in particular, regarding why a given individual becomes sensitized to a specific contact allergen—remains comparatively restricted. This paper will review what is known about pathologic mechanisms involved in the development of allergic contact dermatitis, incorporating recent information on the immunologie function of normal skin. Recent data on the mechanisms of action of agents that modulate the induction or expression of allergic contact dermatitis, such as topical corticosteroids, mid-range ultraviolet light irradiation (UV-B), and 8-methoxypsoralen plus long-wave ultraviolet light irradiation (PUVA), also will be discussed. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
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