Inhibition of PKR by Viruses
| Autor: | Thomas Michiels, Teresa Cesaro |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Microbiology (medical)
mRNA translation viruses Review Biology innate immunity evasion environment and public health Microbiology Integrated stress response innate immunity Innate immune system Effector Kinase RNA virus diseases Translation (biology) biochemical phenomena metabolism and nutrition integrated stress response Protein kinase R QR1-502 Cell biology double-stranded RNA enzymes and coenzymes (carbohydrates) viral proteins eIF2B biology.protein |
| Zdroj: | Frontiers in Microbiology Frontiers in Microbiology, Vol 12 (2021) |
| ISSN: | 1664-302X |
| Popis: | Cells respond to viral infections through sensors that detect non-self-molecules, and through effectors, which can have direct antiviral activities or adapt cell physiology to limit viral infection and propagation. Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 2, better known as PKR, acts as both a sensor and an effector in the response to viral infections. After sensing double-stranded RNA molecules in infected cells, PKR self-activates and majorly exerts its antiviral function by blocking the translation machinery and inducing apoptosis. The antiviral potency of PKR is emphasized by the number of strategies developed by viruses to antagonize the PKR pathway. In this review, we present an update on the diversity of such strategies, which range from preventing double-stranded RNA recognition upstream from PKR activation, to activating eIF2B downstream from PKR targets. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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