Arsenic exposure and risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) among U.S. adolescents and adults: an association modified by race/ethnicity, NHANES 2005–2014

Autor: Miriam B. Vos, Eric A. Naioti, Jean A. Welsh, Jennifer K. Frediani, Carmen J. Marsit, Janet Figueroa
Rok vydání: 2018
Předmět:
Male
0301 basic medicine
Health
Toxicology and Mutagenesis
Hispanic
010501 environmental sciences
01 natural sciences
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Odds Ratio
2. Zero hunger
biology
lcsh:Public aspects of medicine
Fatty liver
Alanine Transaminase
Hispanic or Latino
Environmental exposure
Middle Aged
Nutrition Surveys
3. Good health
Liver
Quartile
lcsh:Industrial medicine. Industrial hygiene
Environmental Pollutants
Female
Adult
Risk
Adolescent
National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Arsenic
lcsh:RC963-969
Young Adult
03 medical and health sciences
medicine
NHANES
Humans
Obesity
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
business.industry
Research
Public Health
Environmental and Occupational Health
lcsh:RA1-1270
Environmental Exposure
Odds ratio
medicine.disease
United States
Cross-Sectional Studies
030104 developmental biology
Alanine transaminase
Alanine aminotransferase
biology.protein
business
Body mass index
Biomarkers
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)
Demography
Zdroj: Environmental Health
Environmental Health, Vol 17, Iss 1, Pp 1-8 (2018)
ISSN: 1476-069X
DOI: 10.1186/s12940-017-0350-1
Popis: Background While associated with obesity, the cause of the rapid rise in prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in children, which is highest among Hispanics, is not well understood. Animal experiments have demonstrated that arsenic exposure contributes to liver injury. Our objective was to examine the association between arsenic exposure and NAFLD in humans and to determine if race/ethnicity modifies the association. Methods Urinary inorganic arsenic concentrations among those ≥12 years in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2005–2014 were used to assess the cross-sectional association with serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, a marker of liver dysfunction. We excluded high alcohol consumers (>4–5 drinks/day; n = 939), positive hepatitis B or C (n = 2330), those missing body mass index (n = 100) and pregnant women (n = 629) for a final sample of 8518. Arsenic was measured using liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry and ALT was measured using standard methods. Sampling weights were used to obtain national estimates. Due to lack of normality, estimates were log transformed and are presented as geometric means. Logistic regression models controlling for age, sex, income, and weight category estimate adjusted odd ratios (aOR) of elevated ALT by quartile of arsenic and tested for effect modification by race/ethnicity and weight. Elevated ALT was defined as >25 IU/L and >22 IU/L for boys and girls ≤17 years, respectively and >30 IU/L and >19 IU/L for men and women, respectively. Results Among all, aOR of elevated ALT were higher among those in the highest vs. lowest arsenic quartile (referent), 1.4 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.1, 1.7) with a borderline significant interaction (p = 0.07) by race/ethnicity but not weight (p = 0.4). In analysis stratified by race/ethnicity, aOR of elevated ALT among those in the 4th quartile were higher among Mexican Americans, 2.0 (CI: 1.3, 3.1) and non-Hispanic whites only, aOR 1.4 (CI: 1.1, 1.8) despite the fact that obesity prevalence was highest among non-Hispanic blacks. Conclusions Our findings demonstrate a positive association between urinary arsenic exposure and risk of NAFLD among U.S. adolescents and adults that is highest among Mexican Americans and among those obese, regardless of race/ethnicity.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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