General condition of hikikomori (prolonged social withdrawal) in Japan: Psychiatric diagnosis and outcome in mental health welfare centres
| Autor: | Yasukazu Kuroda, Naoji Kondo, Yuji Kitabata, Mie Kurosawa, Yoshikazu Kiyota, Motohiro Sakai |
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| Rok vydání: | 2011 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Cross-Cultural Comparison Male medicine.medical_specialty Adolescent Community Mental Health Centers Developmental Disabilities Poison control Comorbidity Personality Assessment Personality Disorders Young Adult Social support Japan Humans Medicine Social isolation Psychiatry Patient Care Team Psychotropic Drugs Mood Disorders business.industry Mental Disorders Social Support Patient Acceptance of Health Care medicine.disease Anxiety Disorders Combined Modality Therapy Personality disorders Mental health Psychotherapy Psychiatry and Mental health Social Isolation Hikikomori Mood disorders Schizophrenia Anxiety Female Schizophrenic Psychology medicine.symptom business Clinical psychology |
| Zdroj: | International Journal of Social Psychiatry. 59:79-86 |
| ISSN: | 1741-2854 0020-7640 |
| DOI: | 10.1177/0020764011423611 |
| Popis: | Background: The issue of hikikomori (prolonged social withdrawal) among Japanese youth has attracted attention from international experts. In previous research, the unique cultural and social factors of Japanese society have been the focus; however, in order to resolve the problem of hikikomori, individual mental health problems must be included. Aim: We examined the psychiatric background of individuals with hikikomori. Methods: We recruited 337 individuals with hikikomori; 183 subjects who utilized the centres were designated as the help-seeking group. We examined the multi-axial psychiatric diagnosis based on the DSM-IV-TR, treatment policies and treatment outcomes. We also examined 154 subjects who did not utilize the centers (non-help-seeking group). Results: Most of the subjects in the utilization group were classified into one of the diagnostic categories. Forty-nine (33.3%) subjects were diagnosed with schizophrenia, mood disorders or anxiety disorders, and this group needed pharmacotherapy. Other subjects were diagnosed with personality disorders or pervasive developmental disorders, and they mainly needed psycho-social support. The Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) scores of the non-help-seeking group were significantly lower than the GAF scores of those who used treatments. Conclusion: Most hikikomori cases can be diagnosed using current diagnostic criteria. Individuals with hikikomori are much worse if they do not seek help. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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