Using a Paleo Ratio to Assess Adherence to Paleolithic Dietary Recommendations in a Randomized Controlled Trial of Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes
| Autor: | Mats Ryberg, Anna Tellström, Julia Otten, Andreas Stomby, Maria Waling, Alexander Mårtensson |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Male
0301 basic medicine Weight loss Blood lipids Type 2 diabetes medicine.disease_cause law.invention chemistry.chemical_compound 0302 clinical medicine Randomized controlled trial law Medicine triglycerides Nutrition and Dietetics food and beverages blood pressure Middle Aged Lipids Exercise Therapy Näringslära Diet Paleolithic Blood pressure Female type 2 diabetes medicine.symptom lcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supply Waist 030209 endocrinology & metabolism lcsh:TX341-641 Article 03 medical and health sciences Animal science Paleolithic diet dietary intervention Humans Triglycerides Aged Glycated Hemoglobin 030109 nutrition & dietetics Triglyceride business.industry medicine.disease Dietary intervention Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 chemistry Patient Compliance weight loss Energy Intake business Food Science |
| Zdroj: | Nutrients, Vol 13, Iss 969, p 969 (2021) Nutrients Volume 13 Issue 3 |
| ISSN: | 2072-6643 |
| Popis: | This study is a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial using Paleolithic diet and exercise in individuals with type 2 diabetes. We hypothesized that increased adherence to the Paleolithic diet was associated with greater effects on blood pressure, blood lipids and HbA1c independent of weight loss. Participants were asked to follow a Paleolithic diet for 12 weeks and were randomized to supervised exercise or general exercise recommendations. Four-day food records were analyzed, and food items characterized as “Paleolithic” or “not Paleolithic”. Foods considered Paleolithic were lean meat, poultry, fish, seafood, fruits, nuts, berries, seeds, vegetables, and water to drink “not Paleolithic” were legumes, cereals, sugar, salt, processed foods, and dairy products. A Paleo ratio was calculated by dividing the Paleolithic calorie intake by total calorie intake. A multiple regression model predicted the outcome at 12 weeks using the Paleo ratio, group affiliation, and outcome at baseline as predictors. The Paleo ratio increased from 28% at baseline to 94% after the intervention. A higher Paleo ratio was associated with lower fat mass, BMI, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, and serum triglycerides at 12 weeks, but not with lower HbA1c levels. The Paleo ratio predicted triglyceride levels independent of weight loss (p = 0.046). Moreover, an increased monounsaturated/saturated fatty acids ratio and an increased polyunsaturated/saturated fatty acids ratio was associated with lower triglyceride levels independent of weight loss. (p = 0.017 and p = 0.019 respectively). We conclude that a higher degree of adherence to the Paleolithic diet recommendations improved fat quality and was associated with improved triglyceride levels independent of weight loss among individuals with type 2 diabetes. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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