Recent Advances in Halophilic Protozoa Research
| Autor: | Alastair G. B. Simpson, Tommy Harding |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
biology Microorganism Protist Eukaryota Water 15. Life on land Sodium Chloride biology.organism_classification medicine.disease_cause Microbiology Biological Evolution Halophile 03 medical and health sciences 030104 developmental biology Ion homeostasis 13. Climate action Evolutionary biology medicine Protozoa Extremophile Adaptation Ecosystem Phylogeny Archaea |
| Zdroj: | The Journal of eukaryotic microbiology. 65(4) |
| ISSN: | 1550-7408 |
| Popis: | Most research on microorganisms adapted to hypersaline habitats has focused on Archaea and Bacteria, with microbial eukaryotes receiving much less attention. Over the past 15 years, our knowledge of phagotrophic microbial eukaryotes, i.e. protozoa, from hypersaline habitats has greatly improved through combinations of microscopy, molecular phylogenetics, environmental sequencing, transcriptomics and growth experiments. High salinity waters from salterns, other landlocked water masses and deep hypersaline anoxic basins contain unique and diverse halophilic protozoan assemblages. These have the potential to exert substantial grazing pressure on prokaryotes and other eukaryotes. They represent many separate evolutionary lineages; species of Heterolobosea, Bicosoecida, and Ciliophora have been most intensively characterized, with several proven to be extreme (or borderline extreme) halophiles. Transcriptomic examinations of the bicosoecid Halocafeteria (and the heteroloboseid Pharyngomonas) indicate that high-salt adaptation is associated with a subtle shift in protein amino acid composition, and involves the differential expression of genes participating in ion homeostasis, signal transduction, stress management, and lipid remodeling. Instances of gene duplication and lateral transfer possibly conferring adaptation have been documented. Indirect evidence suggests that these protozoa use ‘salt-out’ osmoadaptive strategies. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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