Origins, Development, and Compartmentation of the Granule Cells of the Cerebellum
| Autor: | Dan Goldowitz, Richard Hawkes, Filippo Casoni, G. Giacomo Consalez |
|---|---|
| Přispěvatelé: | Giacomo Consalez, G., Goldowitz, Daniel, Casoni, Filippo, Hawkes, Richard |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Cerebellum Cell type granule cell external granular layer cerebellum Cognitive Neuroscience Population Neuroscience (miscellaneous) upper rhombic lip Neocortex External Granular Layer Granular layer Review lcsh:RC321-571 03 medical and health sciences Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience 0302 clinical medicine Cell Movement Interneurons compartmentation medicine Animals Humans Bergmann glial fibers education lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry Rhombic lip Neurons education.field_of_study Chemistry Granule (cell biology) radial migration Cell Differentiation Granule cell Sensory Systems Cell biology 030104 developmental biology medicine.anatomical_structure Neuroscience 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
| Zdroj: | Frontiers in Neural Circuits Frontiers in Neural Circuits, Vol 14 (2021) |
| ISSN: | 1662-5110 |
| Popis: | Granule cells (GCs) are the most numerous cell type in the cerebellum and indeed, in the brain: at least 99% of all cerebellar neurons are granule cells. In this review article, we first consider the formation of the upper rhombic lip, from which all granule cell precursors arise, and the way by which the upper rhombic lip generates the external granular layer, a secondary germinal epithelium that serves to amplify the upper rhombic lip precursors. Next, we review the mechanisms by which postmitotic granule cells are generated in the external granular layer and migrate radially to settle in the granular layer. In addition, we review the evidence that far from being a homogeneous population, granule cells come in multiple phenotypes with distinct topographical distributions and consider ways in which the heterogeneity of granule cells might arise during development. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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