Genome-wide association studies establish that human intelligence is highly heritable and polygenic
| Autor: | Lawrence J. Whalley, Jian Yang, Neil Pendleton, Antony Payton, Ivar Reinvang, Andrew Pickles, Albert Tenesa, Janie Corley, John M. Starr, Helen C. Fox, Andrea Christoforou, David J. Porteous, Alan J. Gow, D. C. Liewald, Michael A. Horan, Sarah E. Harris, William E R Ollier, Astri J. Lundervold, Paul Redmond, Thomas Espeseth, Paul Haggarty, Gail Davies, Michael E. Goddard, Ian J. Deary, Vidar M. Steen, Lorna M. Lopez, S. Le Hellard, Peter M. Visscher, Kevin A. McGhee, Xiayi Ke, Geraldine McNeill, Michelle Luciano |
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| Rok vydání: | 2011 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Multifactorial Inheritance Linkage disequilibrium Adolescent Intelligence Single-nucleotide polymorphism Genome-wide association study Quantitative trait locus Polymorphism Single Nucleotide Article quantitative trait Cohort Studies Young Adult 03 medical and health sciences Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience Quantitative Trait Heritable 0302 clinical medicine Reference Values Genetic variation GWAS Humans genetics Longitudinal Studies Human height Child Molecular Biology Aged 030304 developmental biology Aged 80 and over Genetics 0303 health sciences Genome Human Human intelligence Middle Aged Heritability Psychiatry and Mental health Female Psychology 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Genome-Wide Association Study |
| Zdroj: | Molecular psychiatry |
| ISSN: | 1476-5578 1359-4184 |
| Popis: | General intelligence is an important human quantitative trait that accounts for much of the variation in diverse cognitive abilities. Individual differences in intelligence are strongly associated with many important life outcomes, including educational and occupational attainments, income, health and lifespan. Data from twin and family studies are consistent with a high heritability of intelligence, but this inference has been controversial. We conducted a genome-wide analysis of 3511 unrelated adults with data on 549692 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and detailed phenotypes on cognitive traits. We estimate that 40% of the variation in crystallized-type intelligence and 51% of the variation in fluid-type intelligence between individuals is accounted for by linkage disequilibrium between genotyped common SNP markers and unknown causal variants. These estimates provide lower bounds for the narrow-sense heritability of the traits. We partitioned genetic variation on individual chromosomes and found that, on average, longer chromosomes explain more variation. Finally, using just SNP data we predicted B1% of the variance of crystallized and fluid cognitive phenotypes in an independent sample (P=0.009 and 0.028, respectively). Our results unequivocally confirm that a substantial proportion of individual differences in human intelligence is due to genetic variation, and are consistent with many genes of small effects underlying the additive genetic influences on intelligence. Molecular Psychiatry advance online publication, 9 August 2011; doi:10.1038/mp.2011.85 |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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