Risk of human immunodeficiency virus infection among pregnant crack cocaine users in a rural community
| Autor: | Patricia E. Harrington, Tedd V. Ellerbrock, Timothy J. Bush, Margaret J. Oxtoby, Sandra A. Schoenfisch, John J. Witte |
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| Rok vydání: | 1995 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
medicine.medical_specialty Substance-Related Disorders Sexual Behavior HIV Infections Rural Health Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) Pregnancy Risk Factors Surveys and Questionnaires mental disorders medicine Humans Mass Screening Pregnancy Complications Infectious Risk factor Substance Abuse Intravenous Sida biology Obstetrics business.industry Public health Obstetrics and Gynecology Odds ratio medicine.disease biology.organism_classification Confidence interval Surgery Crack Cocaine Female Viral disease business |
| Zdroj: | Obstetrics & Gynecology. 86:400-404 |
| ISSN: | 0029-7844 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/0029-7844(95)00182-q |
| Popis: | To investigate why women who use crack cocaine are at increased risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.One thousand one hundred fifty-two (99.7%) of 1155 consecutive prenatal patients attending a rural public health clinic were interviewed about drug use and sexual practices and tested for HIV infection and other sexually transmitted diseases.Fifty-one (4.7%) of 1096 pregnant women reported ever using crack cocaine, but only five (10%) of the crack cocaine users had ever injected drugs. Eighteen (35%) of the crack users were HIV infected compared with 22 (2%) of the 1045 women who reported never using crack (odds ratio 25, 95% confidence interval 12-52; P.001). Crack users were more likely to have had a known HIV-infected sex partner, exchanged sex for money or drugs, and tested positive for syphilis than were non-crack users (for each comparison, P.001). Before using crack, 18% of crack users had exchanged sex for money or drugs and 8% had averaged three or more sex partners per month; in contrast, after beginning to use crack, 76% of crack users exchanged sex for money or drugs and 63% averaged three or more sex partners per month (for both comparisons, P.001). Crack users who were not HIV infected were more likely to have almost always used condoms and/or had fewer than three sex partners per month than were HIV-infected crack users (P.01).Women who reported using crack cocaine were at an increased risk of HIV infection because crack use was associated with a significant increase in unprotected sexual contact. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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