The unrecognized occupational relevance of the interaction between engineered nanomaterials and the gastro-intestinal tract: A consensus paper from a multidisciplinary working group
| Autor: | Enrico Bergamaschi, Giuseppe De Palma, Ivo Iavicoli, Michele Miragoli, Marcello Campagna, Andrea Magrini, Luisa Campagnolo, Leonardo Palombi, Sergio Iavicoli, Antonio Pietroiusti, Veruscka Leso, Paola Pedata |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Pietroiusti, Antonio, Bergamaschi, Enrico, Campagna, Marcello, Campagnolo, Luisa, De Palma, Giuseppe, Iavicoli, Sergio, Leso, Veruscka, Magrini, Andrea, Miragoli, Michele, Pedata, Paola, Palombi, Leonardo, Iavicoli, Ivo |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Workers' exposure Pathology Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis Engineered nanomaterials 02 engineering and technology Review Bioinformatics Toxicology Gastrointestinal tract Settore MED/44 - Medicina del Lavoro Ingested nanoparticle Direct toxicity Inhalation Exposure Microbiota Inhaled nanoparticles General Medicine Ingested nanoparticles 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology gastro-intestinal Workers’ exposure 0210 nano-technology Inhaled nanoparticle Gastro intestinal medicine.medical_specialty Consensus Pulmonary effects lcsh:Industrial hygiene. Industrial welfare Multidisciplinary team Risk Assessment Indirect evidence engineered nanomaterials 03 medical and health sciences Incomplete knowledge lcsh:RA1190-1270 Occupational Exposure medicine Animals Humans Occupational Health lcsh:Toxicology. Poisons Intestinal permeability Ingested nanoparticles Inhaled nanoparticles Direct toxicity Indirect toxicity Workers’ exposure Gastrointestinal tract Microbiota business.industry Indirect toxicity medicine.disease Gastrointestinal Microbiome Nanostructures 030104 developmental biology Gastrointestinal Tract Intestinal Absorption Digestive tract business lcsh:HD7260-7780.8 |
| Zdroj: | Particle and Fibre Toxicology Particle and Fibre Toxicology, Vol 14, Iss 1, Pp 1-23 (2017) |
| Popis: | Background There is a fundamental gap of knowledge on the health effects caused by the interaction of engineered nanomaterials (ENM) with the gastro-intestinal tract (GIT). This is partly due to the incomplete knowledge of the complex physical and chemical transformations that ENM undergo in the GIT, and partly to the widespread belief that GIT health effects of ENM are much less relevant than pulmonary effects. However, recent experimental findings, considering the role of new players in gut physiology (e.g. the microbiota), shed light on several outcomes of the interaction ENM/GIT. Along with this new information, there is growing direct and indirect evidence that not only ingested ENM, but also inhaled ENM may impact on the GIT. This fact, which may have relevant implications in occupational setting, has never been taken into consideration. This review paper summarizes the opinions and findings of a multidisciplinary team of experts, focusing on two main aspects of the issue: 1) ENM interactions within the GIT and their possible consequences, and 2) relevance of gastro-intestinal effects of inhaled ENMs. Under point 1, we analyzed how luminal gut-constituents, including mucus, may influence the adherence of ENM to cell surfaces in a size-dependent manner, and how intestinal permeability may be affected by different physico-chemical characteristics of ENM. Cytotoxic, oxidative, genotoxic and inflammatory effects on different GIT cells, as well as effects on microbiota, are also discussed. Concerning point 2, recent studies highlight the relevance of gastro-intestinal handling of inhaled ENM, showing significant excretion with feces of inhaled ENM and supporting the hypothesis that GIT should be considered an important target of extrapulmonary effects of inhaled ENM. Conclusions In spite of recent insights on the relevance of the GIT as a target for toxic effects of nanoparticles, there is still a major gap in knowledge regarding the impact of the direct versus indirect oral exposure. This fact probably applies also to larger particles and dictates careful consideration in workers, who carry the highest risk of exposure to particulate matter. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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