Bioassessment of heavy metals in the surface soil layer of an opencast mine aimed for its rehabilitation

Autor: Jörg Rinklebe, Ivana Trajković, Milena Marjanovic, Svetlana Antić Mladenović, Vlado Ličina, Zorica Tomić, Milica Fotirić Akšić
Rok vydání: 2017
Předmět:
Environmental Engineering
chemistry.chemical_element
010501 environmental sciences
Management
Monitoring
Policy and Law
Plant Roots
Zea mays
01 natural sciences
Pasture
Mining
Sativum
Solanum lycopersicum
X-Ray Diffraction
Melilotus officinalis
Metals
Heavy
Soil Pollutants
Waste Management and Disposal
Environmental Restoration and Remediation
Triticum
Solanum tuberosum
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
2. Zero hunger
geography
Cadmium
geography.geographical_feature_category
biology
04 agricultural and veterinary sciences
General Medicine
Plant Components
Aerial
biology.organism_classification
Daucus carota
Agronomy
chemistry
Soil-plant-transfer of metals
040103 agronomy & agriculture
Trifolium repens
0401 agriculture
forestry
and fisheries
Trifolium
Solanum
Environmental Pollution
Opencast soil restoration
Serbia
Medicago sativa
Mine surface soil layer
Human risk
Zdroj: Journal of Environmental Management
ISSN: 0301-4797
DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.06.050
Popis: The contemporary reclamation method in an opencast coal mine closure comprises the use of the preserved surface soil layer (SSL) before mining, and can be directly returned to the areas being rehabilitated. The present study emphasizes a risk in the use of such a SSL in mine rehabilitation due to the possible excessive amount of heavy metals which usually derives from a metal-rich sediment or fluvial character of overburden material. This indication was approved by the bioassessment of cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), and zinc (Zn) in root and aerial parts of maize (Zea mays), alfalfa (Medicago sativa), sweet clover (Melilotus officinalis), wheat (Triticum aestivum), barley (Hordeum sativum), white clover (Trifolium repens), pasture (Poales sp.), tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), potato (Solanum tuberosum) and carrot (Daucus carota) grown on SSL in the opencast mine area. The fluvial layers of the investigated mine SSL revealed the excessive existence of Ni and Cr, probably of geogenic origin, according to the X-ray diffraction (XRD) which detected Ni- and Cr-bearing minerals in soil fractions. In addition, the highest residual fraction of these two heavy metals, obtained by sequential extraction analyses, together with all other tested soil parameters, supported this assumption. Nevertheless, the accumulations of Cr in tomato fruit (2.93 mg kg(-1)), potato tuber (5.89 mg kg(-1)) and carrot root (7.35 mg kg(-1)) grown on the investigated SSL were found to exceed a critical level of this element for human nutrition. However, despite the evident excess of Ni in the investigated SSL, a similar trend was not found in edible part of plants. The transfer and mobility of the investigated metals was evaluated using the accumulation factor (AF lt 1.0) where the root were the preferential organ for the storage of heavy metals. This investigation could bring an important input for its acceptability of use in soil restoration after mining for food fodder production, or it could indicate the potential risks of the presence of heavy metals regarding its possible use in improving the human surrounding.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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