Sequentially Processed P3HT/CN6-CP•−NBu4+ Films: Interfacial or Bulk Doping?
| Autor: | Franziska Lissel, Bipasha Debnath, Yevhen Karpov, Tetyana Beryozkina, Nataliya Kiriy, Yulia Krupskaya, Anton Kiriy, Mahmoud Al-Hussein, Petr Formanek, Bernd Büchner, Cedric Hoffmann, Michael Bretschneider, Stefan C. B. Mannsfeld, Mike Hambsch |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
ORGANIC SEMICONDUCTORS
Materials science ORDERS OF MAGNITUDE interfacial doping SOLUTION-PROCESSABLE ORGANIC DEVICES Conductivity DOPING MECHANISM solution-processable organic devices organic semiconductors Technik [600] CONDUCTIVITY DOPING METHODS p-doping TETRABUTYLAMMONIUM Doping TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT CONDUCTIVITY ACTIVATION ENERGY POLY-3-HEXYLTHIOPHENE P-DOPING HIGH RESOLUTION TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY Electronic Optical and Magnetic Materials Organic semiconductor SEQUENTIAL PROCESSING Chemical engineering SEMICONDUCTOR DOPING conductivity INTERFACIAL DOPING KELVIN PROBE FORCE MICROSCOPY ddc:600 |
| Zdroj: | Advanced Electronic Materials Advanced Electronic Materials 6 (5): 1901346 (2020-05-01) |
| Popis: | Derivatives of the hexacyano-[3]-radialene anion radical (CN6-CP•−) emerge as a promising new family of p-dopants having a doping strength comparable to that of archetypical dopant 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-7,7,8,8-tetracyano-quinodimethane (F4TCNQ). Here, mixed solution (MxS) and sequential processing (SqP) doping methods are compared by using a model semiconductor poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and the dopant CN6-CP•−NBu4 + (NBu4 + = tetrabutylammonium). MxS films show a moderate yet thickness-independent conductivity of ≈0.1 S cm−1. For the SqP case, the highest conductivity value of ≈6 S cm−1 is achieved for the thinnest (1.5–3 nm) films whereas conductivity drops two orders of magnitudes for 100 times thicker films. These results are explained in terms of an interfacial doping mechanism realized in the SqP films, where only layers close to the P3HT/dopant interface are doped efficiently, whereas internal P3HT layers remain essentially undoped. This structure is in agreement with transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and Kelvin probe force microscopy results. The temperature-dependent conductivity measurements reveal a lower activation energy for charge carriers in SqP samples than in MxS films (79 meV vs 110 meV), which could be a reason for their superior conductivity. © 2020 The Authors. Published by WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim EXC 1056 Russian Foundation for Basic Research, RFBR: 18‐03‐00715 Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG: KI‐1094/9‐1 Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG: KR 4364/4‐1 The authors gratefully acknowledge support from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) (Grant KI‐1094/9‐1) and the Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1056) “Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed).” T.B. gratefully acknowledges financial support by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (Project 18‐03‐00715). Y.K., B.D., and M.B. acknowledge the financial support from the German Research Foundation (DFG) through KR 4364/4‐1. M.A.‐H. thanks the University of Jordan and Leibniz‐Institut für Polymerforschung, Dresden (IPF) for financial support. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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