Microbiologicals for deactivating mycotoxins
| Autor: | Gerd Schatzmayr, Dian Alexandra Schatzmayr, Martin Täubel, Alfred Klimitsch, Andreas P. Loibner, Florian Zehner, Eva Maria Binder |
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| Rok vydání: | 2006 |
| Předmět: |
Ochratoxin A
Aflatoxin Rumen Swine Trichothecene DNA Ribosomal Ochratoxins Microbiology chemistry.chemical_compound Trichosporon RNA Ribosomal 16S Yeasts Animals Trichosporon mycotoxinivorans Mycotoxin Zearalenone Bacteria biology Eubacterium food and beverages Sequence Analysis DNA Mycotoxins biology.organism_classification Intestines Cryptococcus chemistry Fermentation Inactivation Metabolic Cattle Trichothecenes Food Science Biotechnology |
| Zdroj: | Molecular Nutrition & Food Research. 50:543-551 |
| ISSN: | 1613-4133 1613-4125 |
| Popis: | Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites of fungi affecting human and animal health. Five classes of mycotoxins are of major concern in animal husbandry, namely aflatoxins, trichothecenes, zearalenone, ochratoxins, and fumonisins. Due to their diverse structure these fungal toxins are able to cause a great variety of acute symptoms in animals. Clay minerals have been used in animal nutrition to bind mycotoxins, but the binders are only very specific for aflatoxins but not for other toxins. A novel strategy to control the problem of mycotoxicoses in animals is the application of microorganisms capable of biotransforming mycotoxins into nontoxic metabolites. The microbes act in the intestinal tract of animals prior to the resorption of the mycotoxins. A Eubacterium (BBSH 797) strain is able to deactivate trichothecenes by reduction of the epoxide ring (CAST, Mycotoxins, Risks in Plant, Animal and Human Systems, Task Force Report 139, Council of Agricultural Science and Technology, Ames Iowa 2003, p. 10.; Binder, E. M., Binder, J., Ellend, N., Schaffer, E. et al., in: Miraglia, M., van Egmond, H., Brera, C., Gilbert, J. (Eds.), Mycotoxins and Phycotoxins - Developments in Chemistry, Toxicology and Food Safety, Alaken, Fort Collins 1996, pp. 279-285). This strain was isolated out of bovine rumen fluid and the mode of action was proven in vitro and also in vivo. Further a novel yeast strain, capable of degrading ochratoxin A and zearalenone was isolated and characterized (Bruinink, A., Rasonyi, T., Sidler, C., Nat. Toxins 1999, 6, 173-177; Schatzmayr, G., Heidler, D., Fuchs, E., Mohnl, M. et al., Mycotoxin Res. 2003, 19, 124-128.) Due to the yeasts affiliation to the genus of Trichosporon and its property to degrade mycotoxins this strain was named Trichosporon mycotoxinivorans (Trichosporon MTV, 115). |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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