Review: Effects of Ractopamine Hydrochloride (Paylean) on welfare indicators for market weight pigs1
| Autor: | M. J. Ritter, J. L. Salak-Johnson, Anna K. Johnson, D. U. Thomson, Michael Ellis, Temple Grandin, C. Goldhawk, Luigi Faucitano, S. N. Carr, M. S. Calvo-Lorenzo, M. E. Benjamin |
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| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Agonist medicine.drug_class Feed conversion ratio 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound Animal science Medicine 030109 nutrition & dietetics General Veterinary business.industry 0402 animal and dairy science swine Metabolic acidosis Articles 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences medicine.disease 040201 dairy & animal science Ractopamine welfare Ractopamine hydrochloride chemistry beta-agonist ractopamine Research studies Increased stress Animal Science and Zoology business handling |
| Zdroj: | Translational Animal Science |
| ISSN: | 2573-2102 |
| DOI: | 10.2527/tas2017.0060 |
| Popis: | This review summarizes the effects of ractopamine hydrochloride (RAC) dose (5, 7.5, 10, and 20 mg/kg) on market weight pig welfare indicators. Ractopamine hydrochloride (trade name Paylean) is a β-adrenergic agonist that was initially approved in the U.S. in 1999 at doses of 5 to 20 mg/kg to improve feed efficiency and carcass leanness. However, anecdotal reports suggested that RAC increased the rate of non-ambulatory (fatigued and injured) pigs at U.S. packing plants. This led to the addition of a caution statement to the Paylean label, and a series of research studies investigating the effects of RAC on pig welfare. Early research indicated that: (1) regardless of RAC administration, fatigued (non-ambulatory, non-injured) pigs are in a state of metabolic acidosis; (2) aggressive handling increases stress responsiveness at 20 mg/kg RAC, while 5 mg/kg reduces stress responsiveness to aggressive handling. Given this information, dosage range for Paylean was changed in 2006 to 5 to 10 mg/kg in market weight pigs. Subsequent research on RAC demonstrated that: (1) RAC has minimal effects on mortality, lameness, and home pen behavior; (2) RAC fed pigs demonstrated inconsistent prevalence and intensity of aggressive behaviors; (3) RAC fed pigs may be more difficult to handle at doses above 5 mg/kg; and (4) RAC fed pigs may have increased stress responsiveness and higher rates of non-ambulatory pigs when subjected to aggressive handling, especially when 20 mg/kg of RAC is fed. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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