Subtype‐specific differences in transmission cluster dynamics of HIV‐1 B and CRF01_AE in New South Wales, Australia
| Autor: | Di Giallonardo, F., Pinto, A.N., Keen, P., Shaik, A., Carrera, A., Salem, H., Selvey, C., Nigro, S.J., Fraser, N., Price, K., Holden, J., Lee, F.J., Dwyer, D.E., Bavinton, B.R., Geoghegan, J.L., Grulich, A.E., Kelleher, A.D., Grulich, A., Guy, R., Prestage, G., Zablotska, I., Duck, T., Cooper, C., Holt, M., de Wit, J., Kaldor, J., Kelleher, A., Wilson, D., Brotherton, A., Cooper, D.A., Crooks, L., Whittaker, B., Callander, D., Madeddu, D., Schmidt, H.-M., Telfer, B., Boyd, M., McGill, S., Patel, P., Power, C., Pinto, A., Nigro, S., Gordon, T., Feeney, L., Bath, K., Mackie, B., the NSW HIV Prevention Partnership Project |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) HIV Infections medicine.disease_cause law.invention Men who have sex with men Sexual and Gender Minorities transmission cluster 0302 clinical medicine Data sequences Risk Factors immune system diseases law Cluster Analysis Longitudinal Studies 030212 general & internal medicine Clade Phylogeny Research Articles Recombination Genetic Genetics Phylogenetic tree public health virus diseases 3. Good health Infectious Diseases Transmission (mechanics) Female New South Wales 0305 other medical science Research Article early infections 03 medical and health sciences Phylogenetics HIV1 medicine Humans Homosexuality Male Risk factor Heterosexuality demographic differences 030505 public health business.industry Australia Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health COVID-19 Coronavirus HIV-1 subtype B and CRF01_AE business |
| Zdroj: | Journal of the International AIDS Society |
| ISSN: | 1758-2652 |
| DOI: | 10.1002/jia2.25655 |
| Popis: | Introduction The human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV‐1) pandemic is characterized by numerous distinct sub‐epidemics (clusters) that continually fuel local transmission. The aims of this study were to identify active growing clusters, to understand which factors most influence the transmission dynamics, how these vary between different subtypes and how this information might contribute to effective public health responses. Methods We used HIV‐1 genomic sequence data linked to demographic factors that accounted for approximately 70% of all new HIV‐1 notifications in New South Wales (NSW). We assessed differences in transmission cluster dynamics between subtype B and circulating recombinant form 01_AE (CRF01_AE). Separate phylogenetic trees were estimated using 2919 subtype B and 473 CRF01_AE sequences sampled between 2004 and 2018 in combination with global sequence data and NSW‐specific clades were classified as clusters, pairs or singletons. Significant differences in demographics between subtypes were assessed with Chi‐Square statistics. Results We identified 104 subtype B and 11 CRF01_AE growing clusters containing a maximum of 29 and 11 sequences for subtype B and CRF01_AE respectively. We observed a > 2‐fold increase in the number of NSW‐specific CRF01_AE clades over time. Subtype B clusters were associated with individuals reporting men who have sex with men (MSM) as their transmission risk factor, being born in Australia, and being diagnosed during the early stage of infection (p 1.5 sequences / 6‐months) and which consisted of a majority of infections among MSM. We also found four active growing CRF01_AE clusters containing only infections among MSM. Finally, we found 47 subtype B and seven CRF01_AE clusters that contained a large gap in time (>1 year) between infections and may be indicative of intermediate transmissions via undiagnosed individuals. Conclusions The large number of active and growing clusters among MSM are the driving force of the ongoing epidemic in NSW for subtype B and CRF01_AE. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|