Epithelial barriers in allergy and asthma
| Autor: | Peter Hellings, Brecht Steelant |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Allergy TJ Tight junction(s) tight junction Immunology Respiratory System CRS Chronic rhinosinusitis Inflammation COPD Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Disease Respiratory Mucosa airway inflammation CRSwNP Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps AR Allergic rhinitis Article 03 medical and health sciences CDHR3 Cadherin-related family member 3 0302 clinical medicine Immune system PCDH1 Protocadherin 1 CFTR Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator medicine Hypersensitivity Immunology and Allergy ORMDL3 Orosomucoid-like 3 Animals Humans Asthma COPD epigenetics business.industry HDAC Histone deacetylase Epithelial Cells Allergens medicine.disease Epithelial cell 030104 developmental biology 030228 respiratory system Respiratory epithelium medicine.symptom ZO Zonula occludens business Airway |
| Zdroj: | The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology |
| ISSN: | 1097-6825 0091-6749 |
| Popis: | The respiratory epithelium provides a physical, functional, and immunologic barrier to protect the host from the potential harming effects of inhaled environmental particles and to guarantee maintenance of a healthy state of the host. When compromised, activation of immune/inflammatory responses against exogenous allergens, microbial substances, and pollutants might occur, rendering individuals prone to develop chronic inflammation as seen in allergic rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, and asthma. The airway epithelium in asthma and upper airway diseases is dysfunctional due to disturbed tight junction formation. By putting the epithelial barrier to the forefront of the pathophysiology of airway inflammation, different approaches to diagnose and target epithelial barrier defects are currently being developed. Using single-cell transcriptomics, novel epithelial cell types are being unraveled that might play a role in chronicity of respiratory diseases. We here review and discuss the current understandings of epithelial barrier defects in type 2–driven chronic inflammation of the upper and lower airways, the estimated contribution of these novel identified epithelial cells to disease, and the current clinical challenges in relation to diagnosis and treatment of allergic rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, and asthma. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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