Astrophysics Milestones for Pulsar Timing Array Gravitational-wave Detection
Autor: | Paul R. Brook, Megan E. Decesar, David J. Nice, Chiara M. F. Mingarelli, Sarah Burke-Spolaor, Timothy T. Pennucci, H. Thankful Cromartie, Brent J. Shapiro-Albert, Nathan Garver-Daniels, Timothy Dolch, Daniel R. Stinebring, Paul Demorest, Alexander McEwen, Ryan S. Lynch, Siyuan Chen, James M. Cordes, Scott M. Ransom, Paul T. Baker, Luke Zoltan Kelley, Ingrid H. Stairs, Megan L. Jones, Neil J. Cornish, Ross J. Jennings, Paul S. Ray, Haley M. Wahl, Adam Brazier, Joseph Simon, William Fiore, Jeffrey S. Hazboun, Joseph K. Swiggum, T. Joseph W. Lazio, Cherry Ng, Joey Shapiro Key, Elizabeth C. Ferrara, Michael T. Lam, Xavier Siemens, Jing Luo, D. R. Madison, Deborah C. Good, Maura McLaughlin, Sarah J. Vigeland, B. Bécsy, Michele Vallisneri, Zaven Arzoumanian, David L. Kaplan, Caitlin A. Witt, Fronefield Crawford, Shami Chatterjee, Emmanuel Fonseca, Stephen Taylor, Andrew R. Kaiser, Nihan Pol |
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Přispěvatelé: | Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Unité Scientifique de la Station de Nançay (USN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO), Franche-Comté Électronique Mécanique, Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies (UMR 6174) (FEMTO-ST), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), NANOGrav |
Jazyk: | angličtina |
Rok vydání: | 2021 |
Předmět: |
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences
gravitational radiation: stochastic FOS: Physical sciences General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc) Astrophysics 01 natural sciences Gravitational-wave astronomy Bayesian General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology Gravitational wave background Pulsar timing array Pulsar Millisecond pulsar 0103 physical sciences black hole gravitational radiation: spectrum cosmic string 010303 astronomy & astrophysics spectrum: slope 0105 earth and related environmental sciences pulsar High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE) Physics Gravitational wave gravitational radiation: background Astronomy and Astrophysics NANOGrav Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies Cosmic string Amplitude black hole: binary Space and Planetary Science [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics] Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA) correlation fractional [PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc] spectral Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph] |
Zdroj: | The Astrophysical journal letters The Astrophysical journal letters, Bristol : IOP Publishing, 2021, 911 (2), pp.L34. ⟨10.3847/2041-8213/abf2c9⟩ |
ISSN: | 2041-8205 2041-8213 |
Popis: | The NANOGrav Collaboration reported strong Bayesian evidence for a common-spectrum stochastic process in its 12.5-yr pulsar timing array dataset, with median characteristic strain amplitude at periods of a year of $A_{\rm yr} = 1.92^{+0.75}_{-0.55} \times 10^{-15}$. However, evidence for the quadrupolar Hellings \& Downs interpulsar correlations, which are characteristic of gravitational wave signals, was not yet significant. We emulate and extend the NANOGrav dataset, injecting a wide range of stochastic gravitational wave background (GWB) signals that encompass a variety of amplitudes and spectral shapes, and quantify three key milestones: (I) Given the amplitude measured in the 12.5 yr analysis and assuming this signal is a GWB, we expect to accumulate robust evidence of an interpulsar-correlated GWB signal with 15--17 yrs of data, i.e., an additional 2--5 yrs from the 12.5 yr dataset; (II) At the initial detection, we expect a fractional uncertainty of $40\%$ on the power-law strain spectrum slope, which is sufficient to distinguish a GWB of supermassive black-hole binary origin from some models predicting more exotic origins;(III) Similarly, the measured GWB amplitude will have an uncertainty of $44\%$ upon initial detection, allowing us to arbitrate between some population models of supermassive black-hole binaries. In addition, power-law models are distinguishable from those having low-frequency spectral turnovers once 20~yrs of data are reached. Even though our study is based on the NANOGrav data, we also derive relations that allow for a generalization to other pulsar-timing array datasets. Most notably, by combining the data of individual arrays into the International Pulsar Timing Array, all of these milestones can be reached significantly earlier. 15 pages, 7 figures |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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