Recovery of phosphorus from stored urine using continuous flow reactor in decentralised level operations
| Autor: | Azizurrahaman, S. Ramesh Sakthivel, V. M. Chariar, V. Ganesh Prabhu |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Urbanization. City and country
Chemistry Continuous flow Phosphorus 0208 environmental biotechnology chemistry.chemical_element Environmental engineering 02 engineering and technology Urine struvite 010501 environmental sciences bittern TA170-171 Pulp and paper industry 01 natural sciences reactor urine 020801 environmental engineering decentralised phosphorus HT361-384 General Economics Econometrics and Finance 0105 earth and related environmental sciences |
| Zdroj: | Blue-Green Systems, Vol 2, Iss 1, Pp 237-249 (2020) |
| ISSN: | 2617-4782 |
| Popis: | Past studies have shown that phosphate recovery in the form of struvite is relatively a simple process, which can be achieved by adding a magnesium source in stored urine. However, struvite recovery process at a decentralised level becomes uneconomical due to high input cost of magnesium salts and operational cost. While use of cheaper alternative magnesium sources such as bittern, low-grade MgO and wood ash could lead to partial cost reduction, it is also important to reduce the overall operational costs to make struvite recovery process economically viable and sustainable. In this study, a continuous flow reactor was developed for low-cost struvite recovery from stored urine at decentralised community scale operations. Our study revealed that over 81.2% of phosphate present in urine can be recovered in the form of struvite. Comparison of results from stirred and unstirred experiments shows that higher recovery efficiency is obtained due to minimal loss of fines. Operation and financial assessment of the process shows that struvite recovery can be profitable due to continuous operation of the reactor requiring minimal process control and manpower requirement. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
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