Tuberculosis; Past: present and future of the treatment and drug discovery research

Autor: Ameya D. Bendre, Peter J. Peters, Janesh Kumar
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2021
Předmět:
Drug
medicine.medical_specialty
LPZ
Lansoprazole
Tuberculosis
media_common.quotation_subject
ESX
ESAT-6 secretion system
Mtb
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
TST
Tuberculin skin test
Review Article
RM1-950
ETH
Ethionamide
WHO
World health organization
XDR
Extremely drug-resistant
BSL
Biosafety level
FAS-1
Fatty acid synthase 1
RD
the region of differences
CDC
Center for Disease Control and Prevention
Pandemic
Medicine
Effective treatment
Intensive care medicine
Ecology
Evolution
Behavior and Systematics
media_common
BDQ
Bedaquiline
POA
pyrazinoic acid
PZA
Pyrazinamide
Drug discovery
business.industry
BCG
Bacille Calmette-Guérin
TB
Tuberculosis
medicine.disease
FDA
Food and Drug Administration
EMB
Ethambutol
ETC
Electron transport chain
Drug development
Infectious disease (medical specialty)
TB treatment
Drug resistance
T7SS
Type 7 secretion system
Animal Science and Zoology
Therapeutics. Pharmacology
business
MDR
Multidrug-resistant
Prolonged treatment
INH
Isoniazid
RIF
Rifampicin
Zdroj: Current Research in Pharmacology and Drug Discovery, Vol 2, Iss, Pp 100037-(2021)
Current Research in Pharmacology and Drug Discovery
ISSN: 2590-2571
DOI: 10.1016/j.crphar.2021.100037
Popis: Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Despite decades of research driving advancements in drug development and discovery against TB, it still leads among the causes of deaths due to infectious diseases. We are yet to develop an effective treatment course or a vaccine that could help us eradicate TB. Some key issues being prolonged treatment courses, inadequate drug intake, and the high dropout rate of patients during the treatment course. Hence, we require drugs that could accelerate the elimination of bacteria, shortening the treatment duration. It is high time we evaluate the probable lacunas in research holding us back in coming up with a treatment regime and/or a vaccine that would help control TB spread. Years of dedicated and focused research provide us with a lead molecule that goes through several tests, trials, and modifications to transform into a ‘drug’. The transformation from lead molecule to ‘drug’ is governed by several factors determining its success or failure. In the present review, we have discussed drugs that are part of the currently approved treatment regimen, their limitations, vaccine candidates under trials, and current issues in research that need to be addressed. While we are waiting for the path-breaking treatment for TB, these factors should be considered during the ongoing quest for novel yet effective anti-tubercular. If these issues are addressed, we could hope to develop a more effective treatment that would cure multi/extremely drug-resistant TB and help us meet the WHO's targets for controlling the global TB pandemic within the prescribed timeline.
Graphical abstract Image 1
Highlights • Despite numerous drugs and vaccines undergoing clinical trials, we have not been able to control TB. • Majority of articles list the advancements in the TB drug-discovery; here we review the limitations of existing treatments. • Brief description of aspects to be considered for the development of one but effective drug/preventive vaccine. • A glance at pediatric tuberculosis: the most neglected area of TB research which requires dedicated research efforts. • A concise narrative for research aspects to be re-evaluated by both academia and pharmaceutical R&D teams.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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