Chemometric Analysis of Bacterial Peptidoglycan Reveals Atypical Modifications That Empower the Cell Wall against Predatory Enzymes and Fly Innate Immunity
| Autor: | Bruno Lemaitre, Oskar Forsmo, Khouzaima el Biari, Felipe Cava, Francisco Javier Cañada, Akbar Espaillat, Rafael Björk, Miguel A. de Pedro, Johan Trygg |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, Swedish Research Council, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España) |
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Gram-negative bacteria Peptidoglycan Cell morphology Biochemistry Catalysis Cell wall 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound Colloid and Surface Chemistry Cell Wall Endopeptidases Animals Alphaproteobacteria Innate immune system biology Computational Biology General Chemistry biology.organism_classification Immunity Innate carbohydrates (lipids) Drosophila melanogaster 030104 developmental biology chemistry Bacteria |
| Zdroj: | Digital.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC instname |
| ISSN: | 1520-5126 0002-7863 |
| Popis: | 41 p.-6 fig. Peptidoglycan is a fundamental structure for most bacteria. It contributes to the cell morphology and provides cell wall integrity against environmental insults. While several studies have reported a significant degree of variability in the chemical composition and organization of peptidoglycan in the domain Bacteria, the real diversity of this polymer is far from fully explored. This work exploits rapid ultraperformance liquid chromatography and multivariate data analysis to uncover peptidoglycan chemical diversity in the Class Alphaproteobacteria, a group of Gram negative bacteria that are highly heterogeneous in terms of metabolism, morphology and life-styles. Indeed, chemometric analyses revealed novel peptidoglycan structures conserved in Acetobacteria: amidation at the α-(L)-carboxyl of meso-diaminopimelic acid and the presence of muropeptides cross-linked by (1−3)L-Ala-D-(meso)-diaminopimelate cross-links. Both structures are growth-controlled modifications that influence sensitivity to Type VI secretion system peptidoglycan endopeptidases and recognition by the Drosophila innate immune system, suggesting relevant roles in the environmental adaptability of these bacteria. Collectively our findings demonstrate the discriminative power of chemometric tools on large cell wall-chromatographic data sets to discover novel peptidoglycan structural properties in bacteria. This work was supported by the Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden(MIMS), the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation (KAW),and the Swedish Research Council to F. Cava, Kempe foundation scholarship to AE and UCMR Linneus professor- ship to MAP and grants CTQ2012-32025 and CTQ2015- 64597-C2 of Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitive- ness to FJC. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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