Seizures in fetal alcohol spectrum disorders: Evaluation of clinical, electroencephalographic, and neuroradiologic features in a pediatric case series
| Autor: | Pasquale Striano, Maria Valentina Spartà, Pasquale Parisi, Francesco Nicita, Giuseppe Capovilla, Salvatore Savasta, Luigi Tarani, Dario Pruna, Alberto Spalice, Giovanni Parlapiano, Alberto Verrotti |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2014 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Pediatrics medicine.medical_specialty Adolescent Fetal alcohol syndrome Neuroimaging Status epilepticus Electroencephalography Epilepsies Epilepsy Fetal alcohol Atrophy Seizures Polymicrogyria medicine Humans Child Preschool Retrospective Studies Pregnancy medicine.diagnostic_test Alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorders Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder Partial fetal alcohol syndrome Brain Child Preschool Epilepsies Partial Epilepsy Generalized Female Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders Infant Magnetic Resonance Imaging Neurology (clinical) Neurology business.industry Generalized medicine.disease Radiography Anesthesia alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorders electroencephalography epilepsy fetal alcohol spectrum disorder fetal alcohol syndrome partial fetal alcohol syndrome adolescent brain child child preschool epilepsies partial epilepsy generalized female fetal alcohol spectrum disorders humans infant magnetic resonance imaging male neuroimaging retrospective studies seizures neurology (clinical) neurology medicine.symptom business Partial |
| Popis: | Seizures are observed with a frequency of 3-21% in children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). However, clinical, neuroradiologic, and electroencephalography (EEG) features are poorly described. In this study, 13 patients with FASD and epilepsy or seizures were identified retrospectively from the databases of seven Italian pediatric neurology divisions. Eleven children were affected by epilepsy, and two had at least one documented seizure. Both generalized and focal seizures were observed. EEG showed diffuse or focal epileptic activity; two children developed electric status epilepticus during sleep (ESES). Structural brain anomalies, including polymicrogyria, nodular heterotopia, atrophy, and Arnold-Chiari type 1 malformation, were discovered in almost 50% of patients. Control of seizures was not difficult to obtain in 11 cases; one patient showed pharmacoresistant epilepsy. EEG and clinical follow-up are recommended in children with FASD and epilepsy, since severe conditions requiring aggressive treatment, such as in ESES, may develop. Neuroradiological evaluation is warranted because several types of brain anomalies could be associated with maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy. A PowerPoint slide summarizing this article is available for download in the Supporting Information section here. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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