Environmental Conditions Leading to Shellfish Contamination and Related Outbreaks
| Autor: | Haifa Maalouf, Monique Pommepuy, Françoise S. Le Guyader |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2010 |
| Předmět: |
Pollution
Epidemiology Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis media_common.quotation_subject Sewage Biology medicine.disease_cause 03 medical and health sciences Virology medicine Environmental conditions Shellfish 030304 developmental biology media_common 0303 health sciences 030306 microbiology business.industry Ecology Transmission (medicine) Norovirus technology industry and agriculture Outbreaks Outbreak food and beverages Contamination 6. Clean water 3. Good health Fishery 13. Climate action Sewage treatment business Food Science |
| Zdroj: | Food And Environmental Virology (1867-0334) (Springer), 2010-09, Vol. 2, N. 3, P. 136-145 |
| Popis: | Human fecal wastes contain a large variety of viruses that can enter the environment through discharge of waste materials from infected individuals. Despite the high diversity of viruses that are introduced into the environment by human fecal pollution, only a few have been recognized to cause disease in association with consumption of contaminated shellfish. To explain bivalve mollusks contamination, several factors including human epidemiology, virus persistence through sewage treatment plant, and shellfish uptake may be suggested. Considering different outbreaks described in the literature, the most common route for transmission is accidental contamination after heavy rainfall, when extra loads cause an overflow, and release of untreated sewage into the aquatic environment. Outbreak analysis also demonstrates the impact on shellfish consumption of some viral strain transmission and thus their impact on molecular epidemiology, especially for norovirus. To limit shellfish contamination and thus to protect the consumer, the most desirable and effective option is to reduce the viral input. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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