Undervaccination of Perinatally HIV-infected and HIV-exposed Uninfected Children in Latin America and the Caribbean
Autor: | Regina C M, Succi, Margot R, Krauss, D Robert, Harris, Daisy M, Machado, Maria Isabel, de Moraes-Pinto, Marisa M, Mussi-Pinhata, Noris Pavia, Ruz, Russell B, Pierre, Lenka, Kolevic, Esau, Joao, Irene, Foradori, Rohan, Hazra, George K, Siberry |
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Rok vydání: | 2013 |
Předmět: |
Male
Microbiology (medical) Pediatrics medicine.medical_specialty West Indies Population HIV Infections Article Pregnancy Environmental health Health care Odds Ratio medicine Humans VACINAÇÃO education Mexico AIDS Vaccines education.field_of_study business.industry Vaccination Infant South America Hepatitis B medicine.disease Infectious Disease Transmission Vertical Poliomyelitis Infectious Diseases Immunization Multivariate Analysis Pediatrics Perinatology and Child Health Female Vaccine-preventable diseases business |
Zdroj: | Repositório Institucional da USP (Biblioteca Digital da Produção Intelectual) Universidade de São Paulo (USP) instacron:USP |
ISSN: | 0891-3668 |
Popis: | Preventive health care, including immunization, is an essential part of comprehensive care that can minimize adverse health outcomes for perinatally HIV-infected children and adolescents. Based on evidence of safety, immunogenicity and, in some cases, efficacy of most childhood vaccines for children with HIV infection, guidelines [1, 2, 3] have been developed for recommended immunization in this population. However, health care staff responsible for immunization delivery may miss opportunities for immunizing HIV-infected children because they are unaware of those recommendations, they are concerned about greater risk with use of vaccines in this population, or other reasons. African [4, 5] and European studies [6,7, 8] found lower immunization coverage of HIV-infected children compared to uninfected peers, while a North American study found equally low vaccine coverage, for both HIV-infected and the HIV-exposed uninfected populations for some vaccines [9]. In a rural South African population, maternal HIV-positive status was independently associated with lower vaccination rates for four vaccines in children 12–23 month of age (BCG, DTP3, poliomyelitis, and hepatitis B) [10]. Childhood immunization adequacy can be used as an indicator of children´s primary health care and perhaps highlight areas for improvement. Yet, immunization coverage for HIV-infected children in Latin America and the Caribbean has not been described. Given the importance of vaccination for HIV-infected children and the data from other regions suggesting that they are at higher risk of under-immunization, we evaluated immunization rates, vaccine adverse events (cases associated with polio and BCG vaccines), and the occurrence of vaccine preventable diseases among HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) and perinatally HIV-infected (PHIV) children in Latin America enrolled in the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) International Site Development Initiative (NISDI). |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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