Laying the foundation for wartime research: a comparative overview of science mobilization in National Socialist Germany, Japan, and the Soviet Union
| Autor: | Masakatsu Yamazaki, Eduard I. Kolchinsky, Walter E. Grunden, Helmut Maier, Yutaka Kawamura |
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| Rok vydání: | 2010 |
| Předmět: |
Cultural Studies
Mobilization History World War II Data Collection Research Science Organizational model Authoritarianism Foundation (evidence) History 20th Century Spanish Civil War Military Personnel Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) Japan Political economy Germany Models Organizational National Socialism Development economics Soviet union Communism USSR |
| Zdroj: | Scopus-Elsevier |
| ISSN: | 0369-7827 |
| Popis: | This chapter surveys wartime science mobilization within National Socialist Germany, Japan, and the Soviet Union to understand how each nation mobilized science resources for the war, how their approaches to mobilization differed, and how these approaches might be evaluated historically. Science mobilization in National Socialist Germany, in particular, has heretofore been characterized as a failure; however, such a view appears too simplistic and cannot account for the numerous advanced weapons and technological artifacts produced by the nation during the war. Both Germany and Japan operated under decentralized systems for science mobilization, whereas the Soviet Union imposed a highly-centralized authoritarian structure. These differed significantly from the organizational model of the United States, which has often been touted as the most "successful" of the belligerents. This essay attempts to evaluate the science mobilization efforts in these nations on their own terms, rather than comparing them directly with the American system. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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