A detailed study of developmental immunotoxicity of imidacloprid in Wistar rats
| Autor: | Lalita Gawade, Raghib Husain, Shruta S. Dadarkar, Madhumanjiri M. Gatne |
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| Rok vydání: | 2013 |
| Předmět: |
Administration
Oral Immunoglobulins Physiology Biology Toxicology Neonicotinoids chemistry.chemical_compound Immune system Phagocytosis Pregnancy Imidacloprid Immunity Toxicity Tests Animals Weaning Hypersensitivity Delayed Rats Wistar Fetus Dose-Response Relationship Drug Imidazoles Hemagglutination Tests General Medicine Nitro Compounds Immunity Innate Immunity Humoral Rats Dose–response relationship Animals Newborn chemistry Maternal Exposure In utero Immune System Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects Humoral immunity Immunology Female Food Science |
| Zdroj: | Food and Chemical Toxicology. 51:61-70 |
| ISSN: | 0278-6915 |
| Popis: | Human exposure to imidacloprid is likely to occur during its use as an acaricide or an ectoparasiticide. Accordingly, the developmental immunotoxic potential of imidacloprid was investigated. Oral exposure was initiated in timed pregnant female Wistar rats on gestation day 6 (GD 6) till GD 21. On GD 20, half of the gravid dams were sacrificed, and in utero fetal development was assessed. In the other half of the dams, administration was continued till weaning on postnatal day 21 (PND 21) and maternal toxicity was investigated. A subgroup of weaned pups was sacrificed to assess immunotoxicity parameters. The other half of the pups were exposed to imidacloprid till PND 42, and immunotoxicity was assessed. The findings revealed post-implantation loss in the highest dose group, indicating the risk of abortion. Soft tissue abnormalities and skeletal alterations were observed in the highest dose group. Humoral immunity was assessed by estimating hemagglutination titer and immunoglobulin production. Cell mediated immunity was assessed by Delayed Type Hypersensitivity, whereas, non-specific immunity was assessed by phagocytic index, and other phenotypic parameters. These data revealed that imidacloprid caused age-dependent adverse effects on the developing immunity which was aggravated when exposure continued throughout development, leading to a compromised immune system. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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