Whole Grain Intake and Impaired Fasting Glucose in Adolescents, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2005-2014

Autor: Cindy W. Leung, Katharine B Stiers, Andrea K. Garber, June M. Tester
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
Blood Glucose
Male
and promotion of well-being
Diabetes risk
National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Adolescent
Type 2 diabetes
Lower risk
01 natural sciences
03 medical and health sciences
Eating
0302 clinical medicine
Clinical Research
Medicine
Humans
030212 general & internal medicine
Obesity
0101 mathematics
Refined grains
Metabolic and endocrine
Original Research
Nutrition
Whole Grains
business.industry
Health Policy
Prevention
010102 general mathematics
Diabetes
Public Health
Environmental and Occupational Health
Odds ratio
Impaired fasting glucose
medicine.disease
Nutrition Surveys
Prevention of disease and conditions
United States
Cross-Sectional Studies
Public Health and Health Services
3.1 Primary prevention interventions to modify behaviours or promote wellbeing
Female
business
Demography
Zdroj: Preventing Chronic Disease
ISSN: 2005-2014
Popis: Introduction Large prospective cohort studies show a lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes among adults with higher whole grain consumption. Less is known about the relationship between whole grain consumption and precursors for diabetes risk in adolescents. We examined whether intake of whole grains was associated with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) in adolescents. Methods We analyzed data on dietary intake from an average of two 24-hour diet recalls from fasting, nondiabetic adolescents aged 12-18 years (N = 2,286) across 5 cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 2005-2014). We used logistic regression to calculate the odds of having IFG (100-125 mg/dL) with respect to servings of whole and refined grains, as well as percentage of whole grains, adjusting for sex, age, race/ethnicity, annual household income, obesity, total energy, and diet quality. Results IFG was present in 17% of participants. After adjusting for covariates, number of servings per day of whole grains was significantly associated with lower odds of IFG, but there was no relationship between IFG and servings of refined grains or percentage of whole grains. Consuming at least 1 ounce-equivalent serving (16 g) of whole grains daily, compared with consuming no whole grains, was associated with a 40% reduction in the adjusted odds of having IFG (adjusted odds ratio = 0.60; 95% CI, 0.38-0.93). Conclusion Analysis of 10 years of national cross-sectional data suggests that US adolescents whose daily diets consist of a minimum threshold amount of whole grains may be less likely to have IFG, a finding that has implications for diabetes prevention in adolescents.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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