Rare genetic variation and balanced polymorphisms are important for survival in global change conditions
| Autor: | Kaitlin E. Huber, Heidi Hargarten, Melissa H. Pespeni, Reid S. Brennan, April D. Garrett |
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| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
Persistence (psychology) Conservation of Natural Resources Linkage disequilibrium Climate Change Population Balancing selection 010603 evolutionary biology 01 natural sciences Polymorphism Single Nucleotide General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology Linkage Disequilibrium 03 medical and health sciences Gene Frequency Genetic variation Animals Selection Genetic education Strongylocentrotus purpuratus Allele frequency Selection (genetic algorithm) 030304 developmental biology General Environmental Science 0303 health sciences education.field_of_study Global Change and Conservation General Immunology and Microbiology biology Ecology Extreme events Genetic Variation Ocean acidification Global change General Medicine Replicate Hydrogen-Ion Concentration biology.organism_classification Evolutionary biology Larva Adaptation General Agricultural and Biological Sciences |
| Zdroj: | Proc Biol Sci |
| DOI: | 10.1101/422261 |
| Popis: | Standing genetic variation is important for population persistence in extreme environmental conditions. While some species may have the capacity to adapt to predicted average future global change conditions, the ability to survive extreme events is largely unknown. We used single generation selection experiments on hundreds of thousands ofStrongylocentrotus purpuratussea urchin larvae generated from wild-caught adults to identify adaptive genetic variation responsive to moderate (pH 8.0) and extreme (pH 7.5) low pH conditions. Sequencing genomic DNA from pools of larvae, we identified consistent changes in allele frequencies across replicate cultures of both conditions and observed increased linkage disequilibrium around selected loci, revealing selection on recombined standing genetic variation. We found that loci responding uniquely to either selection regime were at low starting allele frequencies while variants that responded to both pH conditions (11.6% of selected variants) started at high frequencies. Loci under selection performed functions related to energetics, pH tolerance, cell growth, and actin/cytoskeleton dynamics. These results highlight that persistence in future conditions will require two classes of genetic variation: common, pH-responsive variants maintained by balancing selection in a heterogeneous environment, and rare variants, particularly for extreme conditions, that must be maintained by large population sizes. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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