The contribution of black carbon to global ice nucleating particle concentrations relevant to mixed-phase clouds
| Autor: | Sonia M. Kreidenweis, Gregory P. Schill, Delphine K. Farmer, Ethan W. Emerson, Ezra J. T. Levin, Kaitlyn J. Suski, Thomas C. J. Hill, Paul J. DeMott, John K. Kodros, A. M. Rauker, Jeffrey R. Pierce |
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| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Aerosols
Air Pollutants Multidisciplinary 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences Chemical transport model Climate Change Ice Water Carbon black 010501 environmental sciences Albedo Atmospheric sciences 01 natural sciences Carbon Wildfires Aerosol Physical Sciences Ice nucleus Radiative transfer Particle Environmental science Seasons Supercooling 0105 earth and related environmental sciences |
| Zdroj: | Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A |
| ISSN: | 1091-6490 0027-8424 |
| DOI: | 10.1073/pnas.2001674117 |
| Popis: | Black carbon (BC) aerosol plays an important role in the Earth’s climate system because it absorbs solar radiation and therefore potentially warms the climate; however, BC can also act as a seed for cloud particles, which may offset much of its warming potential. If BC acts as an ice nucleating particle (INP), BC could affect the lifetime, albedo, and radiative properties of clouds containing both supercooled liquid water droplets and ice particles (mixed-phase clouds). Over 40% of global BC emissions are from biomass burning; however, the ability of biomass burning BC to act as an INP in mixed-phase cloud conditions is almost entirely unconstrained. To provide these observational constraints, we measured the contribution of BC to INP concentrations ([INP]) in real-world prescribed burns and wildfires. We found that BC contributes, at most, 10% to [INP] during these burns. From this, we developed a parameterization for biomass burning BC and combined it with a BC parameterization previously used for fossil fuel emissions. Applying these parameterizations to global model output, we find that the contribution of BC to potential [INP] relevant to mixed-phase clouds is ∼5% on a global average. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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