Rabies Cases in the West of China Have Two Distinct Origins
| Autor: | Simon Rayner, Wuyang Zhu, Zhenyang Guo, Wen-Tao Jiao, Hao Li, Qing Tang, Xinxin Shen, Xiaoyan Tao |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
Veterinary medicine
China lcsh:Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine Genotype lcsh:RC955-962 Rabies Molecular Sequence Data Wildlife medicine.disease_cause Dogs medicine Animals Cluster Analysis Humans Socioeconomics Epizootic Molecular Epidemiology Molecular epidemiology lcsh:Public aspects of medicine Rabies virus Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Genetic Variation lcsh:RA1-1270 Sequence Analysis DNA medicine.disease Phylogeography Infectious Diseases Geography RNA Viral Research Article |
| Zdroj: | PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 9, Iss 10, p e0004140 (2015) |
| ISSN: | 1935-2735 |
| Popis: | In China, rabies remains an ongoing threat to public health. Although control efforts have been effective in reducing the number of annual cases, the virus continues to spread into new areas. Tibet, Qinghai, Gansu and Ningxia in western China have, until recently, reported only a handful of events. However, since 2011, there have been increasing numbers of cases recorded in these areas. In this study, we report the collection and analysis of samples collected from these regions. We find that cases originate from two different sources. Strains collected from Gansu and Ningxia are closely related to the primary lineage associated with the current epizootic, whereas those from Tibet and Qinghai are related to the Arctic-like-2 lineage that is most commonly associated with wildlife cases in China. Thus, it appears that while the epizootic is beginning to encroach into Gansu and Ningxia, Tibet and Qinghai a significant number of rabies cases originate from wildlife. Author Summary Overall, the number of annual cases of human rabies reported in China has been decreasing since 2007. However, some Western provinces, where few human cases have been reported in recent years, are beginning to see increasing incidence of rabies. Specifically, Ningxia, Qinghai and Gansu began to report human cases respectively from 2011, 2012 and 2013, while Tibet had its first laboratory confirmed dog rabies case in 2012. Consequently, as part of the national rabies surveillance program, we collected specimens from biting dogs or human saliva from suspected rabies cases in these areas, and after sequencing positive samples, performed a phylogenetic analysis based on the nucleoprotein gene complete sequences. Our results indicate that while Ningxia and Gansu rabies strains are very close to the lineage associated with most cases in mainland China, Tibet and Qinghai strains belong to the global Arctic-like-2 clade, which is typically associated with wild life in China and neighboring countries. Thus, it appears that, rabies reemergence in the west of China has two distinct origins, and Tibet and Qinghai rabies cases were isolated events rather than an indication of the ongoing epizootic in China. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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