ELISA-based assay of immunoglobulin G antibodies against mammalian cell entry 1A (Mce1A) protein: a novel diagnostic approach for leprosy
| Autor: | Lee W. Riley, Maurílio Al Cavalcanti, Filipe R Lima, Iukary Takenami, Sérgio Arruda |
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| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Male diagnosis lcsh:QR1-502 lcsh:Microbiology Immunoglobulin G antibodies Mycobacterium leprae education.field_of_study Family Characteristics biology Bacterial Mce1A protein Middle Aged Antibodies Bacterial Medical Microbiology Female Leprosy Antibody Microbiology (medical) Adult lcsh:Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine lcsh:RC955-962 Population Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Sensitivity and Specificity Antibodies Article 03 medical and health sciences Young Adult Immune system Bacterial Proteins Tropical Medicine medicine Humans education business.industry Assay sensitivity biology.organism_classification medicine.disease 030104 developmental biology Case-Control Studies Immunology biology.protein Protein A business immunoglobulin |
| Zdroj: | Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz., Vol 112, Iss 12, Pp 844-849 Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, vol 112, iss 12 |
| ISSN: | 1678-8060 |
| Popis: | BACKGROUND Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by the obligate intracellular bacillus Mycobacterium leprae. Because leprosy diagnosis is complex and requires professional expertise, new tools and methodologies are needed to detect cases in early stages and prevent transmission. The M. leprae genome contains mce1A, which encodes a putative mammalian cell entry protein (Mce1A). We hypothesised that the presence of Mce1A on the cell surface could be detected by the host's immune system. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate antibody responses against the Mce1A protein in leprosy patients, household contacts of patients, and the general population to present an addition tool for leprosy diagnosis. METHODS A cross-sectional study involving 89 volunteers [55 leprosy cases, 12 household contacts (HHC) and 22 endemic controls (EC)] was conducted at Couto Maia Hospital, in Salvador, Bahia (BA), Brazil. RESULTS The median anti-Mce1A IgA was significantly higher in multibacillary (MB) and paucibacillary (PB) cases than in EC (p < 0.0001). A similar trend was observed in IgM levels, which were significantly higher in both MB (p < 0.0001) and PB (p = 0.0006) groups compared to in EC individuals. The greatest differences were observed for IgG class-specific antibodies against Mce1A. The median levels of MB and PB were significantly higher compared to both controls HHC and EC (MB or PB vs EC, MB vs HHC p < 0.0001; PB vs HHC, p = 0.0013). Among leprosy cases, IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay sensitivity and specificity were 92.7% and 97.1%, respectively. IgG positivity was confirmed in 92.1% and 94.1% of MB and PB patients, respectively. CONCLUSION This novel diagnostic approach presents an easy, non-invasive, and inexpensive method for leprosy screening, which may be applicable in endemic areas. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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