Increase in ring width, vessel number and δ18O in olive trees infected with Xylella fastidiosa

Autor:	Paolo Cherubini, Samuele Moretti, Matthias Saurer, Marzia Vergine, Erika Sabella, Holger Gärtner, Andrea Luvisi, Luigi De Bellis
Přispěvatelé:	Sabella, E., Moretti, S., Gartner, H., Luvisi, A., de Bellis, L., Vergine, M., Saurer, M., Cherubini, P.
Rok vydání:	2020
Předmět:	Dendrochronology Wood anatomy biology Physiology food and beverages Olea europaea L Plant Science Oxygen Isotopes Xylella biology.organism_classification Stable isotope Tylosi Olive trees Europe Horticulture Italy Tylosis Olea Water conductivity Cultivar Xylella fastidiosa Plant Diseases Transpiration
Zdroj:	Tree Physiology. 40:1583-1594
ISSN:	1758-4469
Popis:	Xylella fastidiosa (Xf) Wells, Raju et al., 1986 is a bacterium that causes plant diseases in the Americas. In Europe, it was first detected on the Salento Peninsula (Italy), where it was found to be associated with the olive quick decline syndrome. Here, we present the results of the first tree-ring study of infected and uninfected olive trees (Olea europaea L.) of two different cultivars, one resistant and one susceptible, to establish the effects induced by the spread of the pathogen inside the tree. Changes in wood anatomical characteristics, such as an increase in the number of vessels and in ring width, were observed in the infected plants of both the cultivars Cellina di Nardò (susceptible to Xf infection) and Leccino (resistant to Xf infection). Thus, whether infection affects the mortality of the tree or not, the tree shows a reaction to it. The presence of occlusions was detected in the wood of both 4-year-old branches and the tree stem core. As expected, the percentage of occluded vessels in the Xf-susceptible cultivar Cellina di Nardò was significantly higher than in the Xf-resistant cultivar Leccino. The δ 18O of the 4-year-old branches was significantly higher in infected trees of both cultivars than in noninfected trees, while no variations in δ 13C were observed. This suggests a reduction in leaf transpiration rates during infection and seems to be related to the occlusions observed in rings of the 4-year-old branches. Such occlusions can determine effects at leaf level that could influence stomatal activity. On the other hand, the significant increase in the number of vessels in infected trees could be related to the tree’s attempt to enhance water conductivity in response to the pathogen-induced vessel occlusions.
Databáze:	OpenAIRE
Externí odkaz:	https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::975b4a418eef229cdcc642516f1d9854 https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tpaa095 Zobrazit plný text záznamu Plný text ve formátu PDF Plný text ve formátu HTML
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